“贤媛”的故事:论《世说新语》中的女性书写  

The Story of the“Virtuous Women”:On Female Writing in A New Account of the Tales of the World

作　　者：董子璇 晋海学 Dong Zixuan;Jin Haixue(Department of Literature,Henan Normal University,Xinxiang 453007,China)

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学文学院,河南新乡453007

出　　处：《齐鲁师范学院学报》2024年第4期71-76,共6页Journal of Qilu Normal University

基　　金：河南省高校中华优秀传统文化传承发展专项课题重点项目“近代文学转型与中国式现代化路径探索研究”(编号:2023-WHZX-23)。

摘　　要：《世说新语》是记录魏晋时期士人言行、轶事的笔记体小说集,它比较真实地反映了那个时代崇尚清谈的文化风气以及个体意识逐渐觉醒的人文风度。作为其中的部分之一,以魏晋“贤媛”为代表的古代女性书写正在引起人们的关注。其一,她们化身为德行的维护者,或者对偏离德行的行为施以批评,或者身体力行地对德行加以实践。其二,她们的才智行为受到了格外重视,既包括对其不输于名士的学识的描绘,也包括对其异于常人的处世智慧的展示。其三,她们的个性得到了特别凸显,既有对个体天然性格的书写,也有对个体之间人格平等的书写。《世说新语》在小说领域创设了女性书写的传统,对后世文学产生了较大影响。A New Account of the Tales of the World is a collection of anecdotal fiction that records the words and deeds of the literati during the Wei and Jin Dynasties.It realistically reflects the cultural atmosphere of the era that revered pure conversation and the gradually awakening humanistic demeanor.Among its contents,the writings about ancient women,represented by the“virtuous women”of the Wei and Jin Periods,are attracting increasing attention.Firstly,they embody the guardians of virtue,either by criticizing deviations from virtue or by actively practicing virtuous deeds themselves.Secondly,their intelligent actions receive special emphasis,including depictions of their scholarship that rivals famous scholars and displays of their extraordinary worldly wisdom.Thirdly,their personalities are particularly highlighted,with writings on individual natural character as well as on the equality of personality among individuals.A New Account of the Tales of the World has established a tradition of female writing in the realm of fiction,exerting a significant influence on subsequent literature.

关 键 词：《世说新语》 女性书写 德行 才智 个性 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]