有源配电网继电保护研究综述  

Summary of Research on Relay Protection in Active Distribution Networks

作　　者：郭少飞 杨鹏 李鹏宇[2] 李铁成 李澳 GUO Shaofei;YANG Peng;LI Pengyu;LI Tiecheng;LI Ao(State Grid Hebei Electric Power Research Institute,Shijiazhuang 050021,China;State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources,North China Eleetric Power University,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,河北石家庄050021 [2]华北电力大学新能源电力系统国家重点实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《河北电力技术》2024年第3期27-34,共8页Hebei Electric Power

基　　金：国网河北省电力有限公司科技项目(kj202-2005)。

摘　　要：配电网继电保护是保证配电网安全稳定运行的关键,随着大规模分布式电源并网运行,传统配电网三段式电流保护和故障测距技术存在挑战。配电网分支多、线路短,存在对时误差难以满足配电网继电保护的要求。首先介绍了分布式电源与储能设备并网运行对配电网继电保护的影响,对分布式电源进行分类,着重介绍了逆变型分布式电源的控制方式及其故障输出特性。其次对工频量保护进行分类阐述。在单端量保护中,将传统三段式电流保护改进为自适应性方向电流保护是重要研究方向。在双端两保护中,纵联差动保护是提高速动性和选择性的有效措施之一,但配电网存在沿线分支且各策略装置不同步导致差动保护实用化困难。利用多元信息的保护方法处理数据量大,对通信系统依赖度高,实际工程中一般应用于后备保护方案。然后对有源配电网中暂态保护原理以及故障测距方法进行简要总结。最后指出现有保护方法面临的挑战,并对未来的研究方向进行展望。Distribution network relay protection is the key to ensure the safe and stable operation of the distribution network.With the connection of large-scaled distributed generators to power grid,the traditional three-stage current protection and fault ranging technology of distribution network meet challenges.Distribution network has many branches,short lines,and timing errors,making it difficult for many protection methods to meet the requirements for relay protection of the distribution network.This paper firstly introduces the impact of parallel operation of distributed power supply and energy storage equipment on distribution network relay protection,classification of distributed power supply,and focuses on the control mode of inverter-type distributed power supply and its fault output characteristics.Secondly,the classification of industrial frequency quantity protection is reviewed.In single-ended quantity protection,the improvement of traditional three-stage current protection into adaptive directional current protection is an important research direction.In the double-ended two protections,longitudinal differential protection is one of the effective measures to improve the rapidity and selectivity,but the existence of branches along the line and the unsynchronisation of each strategy device in the distribution network lead to the difficulties of the practicality of the differential protection.The protection method using multiple information has a large amount of data processing and a high dependence on the communication system,which is generally applied to the backup protection scheme in practical engineering.Then the principle of transient protection and fault ranging methods in active distribution networks are briefly summarised.Finally,the challenges faced by the existing protection methods are pointed out,and the future research directions are prospected.

关 键 词：配电网 分布式电源 继电保护 故障特性 纵联差动保护 

分 类 号：TM77[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]