正六边形电荷在空间中的电场分布  

Electric field distribution of regular hexagon line charge

作　　者：张楠 王萍[1] 解廷月[1] 田翠锋[1] ZHANG Nan;WANG Ping;XIE Ting-yue;TIAN Cui-feng(School of Physics&Electronic Science,Shanxi Datong University,Datong,Shanxi 037009,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大同大学物理与电子科学学院,山西大同037009

出　　处：《大学物理》2024年第7期69-73,共5页College Physics

基　　金：山西大同大学教改项目(XJG2020216);山西大同大学博士启动基金(2014-B-02)资助。

摘　　要：线电荷作为重要的物理模型,其电场分布的研究具有重要的物理意义.本文借用正六边形的对称性,采用有限长直导线电场公式和电场叠加原理分别求解了正六边形线电荷对称轴和非对称轴上的电场和电势分布.同时为了更加直观简洁的了解电场分布,本文还借用了Matlab仿真软件,绘制了正六边形线电荷的电场和电势分布,通过分析获得变化规律.对称轴和非对称轴上的电场方向分布呈反对称分布,电场强度主要集中在正六边形线电荷附近.对称轴上的强度高,但分布范围小于非对称轴上的分布范围.两种轴上的电势呈对称分布,非对称轴上线电荷附近电势最高.As an important physical model,the study of electric field distribution of line charge has great physical significance.In this paper,by using the symmetry of regular hexagon,formula of electric field intensity about charged finite length-straight line and superposition principle are used to solve the distribution of electric field intensity and potential on central axis and asymmetric axis of regular hexagon line charge.At the same time,in order to understand the distribution more directly and simply,MATLAB simulation software is used to draw the field distribution of the regular hexagon line charge,and the law of the electric field strength is obtained by analysis.On both the symmetric and asymmetric axes,the distribution of electric field direction is odd symmetric,and the intensity of electric field is mainly localized near the regular hexagonal line charge.On the symmetric axis,the strength is higher,but the range of intensity is smaller than that on the asymmetric axis.The distribution of electric potential is symmetric on both axes,with the highest potential near the line charge on asymmetric axis.

关 键 词：正六边形线电荷 电场强度 Matlab绘图 叠加原理 

分 类 号：O441[理学—电磁学]