低温预处理对辣椒花药培养及生理指标的影响  

Effects of Low Temperature Pretreatment on Anther Culture and Physiological Index in Pepper

作　　者：丁子健 张俊华 吴丽丽 唐晓玲 蒋清清 程纬韬 杨博智 周书栋[2] DING Zijian;ZHANG Junhua;WU Lili;TANG Xiaoling;JIANG Qingqing;CHENG Weitao;YANG Bozhi;ZHOU Shudong(College of Horticulture,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,Hunan,China;Hunan Vegetable Research Institute,Changsha 410125,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学园艺学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南省蔬菜研究所,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2024年第8期58-64,共7页China Vegetables

基　　金：湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(22B0214);湖南省蔬菜产业技术体系辣椒育种岗位项目。

摘　　要：为进一步提高辣椒花药培养效率,以朝天椒XR1为试验材料,研究了常温(25℃,CK)和低温(0、4、8℃)预处理花蕾对花药培养效率和生理指标变化的影响。结果表明,与常温相比,花蕾经低温预处理后,花药褐化率显著降低,胚状体诱导率显著升高,花药中除MDA含量显著降低外,抗逆物质(可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖、Pro)含量和抗氧化酶(POD、PPO)活性均显著增加。花药褐化率以0℃处理最低,子叶形胚状体诱导率以4℃处理最佳,非子叶形胚状体诱导率以8℃处理最佳。花药中除MDA含量在0℃处理下含量最高外,其余生理指标均在4℃处理下达到最高值。相关性分析表明,花药褐化率与胚状体(子叶形、非子叶形)诱导率呈负相关,与MDA含量呈极显著负相关且相关关系最强,相关系数为-0.967。子叶形胚状体和非子叶形胚状体诱导率均与抗性指标中的可溶性糖含量呈极显著正相关且相关关系最强,相关系数分别为0.837、0.784。花药培养时仅子叶形胚状体可诱导产生组培苗,以4℃预处理花蕾效果最佳。研究结果可为深入解析低温预处理有利于提高辣椒花药培养效率提供理论依据。In order to further improve the anther culture efficiency of pepper,taking pod pepper XR1 as the experimental material,the effects of pretreatment of flower buds at normal temperature(25℃,CK)and low-temperature(0、4、8℃)on the efficiency of XR1 anther culture and changes in physiological indicators were studied.The results showed that compared with normal temperature,after low-temperature pretreatment of flower buds,the anther browning rate was significantly reduced,and the induction rate of embryoids was significantly increased.In addition to the significantly reduced MDA content in anthers,the contents of stress-resistant substances(soluble proteins,soluble sugars,Pro)and the activities of antioxidant enzymes(POD,PPO)were significantly increased.The anther browning rate was the lowest under 0℃treatment,the induction rate of cotyledon-shaped embryoids was the best under 4℃treatment,and the induction rate of non-cotyledon-shaped embryoids was the best under 8℃treatment.Among the anthers,except for the highest MDA content under 0℃treatment,the other physiological indicators reached the highest values under 4℃treatment.Correlation analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between the anther browning rate and the induction rate of embryoids(cotyledon-shaped and non-cotyledon-shaped),and there was an extremely significant negative correlation with the MDA content and the strongest correlation,with a correlation coefficient of-0.967.The induction rates of both cotyledon-shaped and non-cotyledon-shaped embryoids were extremely significantly positively correlated with the soluble sugar content in the resistance index and had the strongest correlation,with correlation coefficients of 0.837 and 0.784,respectively.Only cotyledon-shaped embryoids could induce tissue culture seedlings during anther culture,and the pretreatment of flower buds at 4℃had the best effect.The research results can provide a theoretical basis for in-depth analysis of the benefits of low-temperature pretreatment in impro

关 键 词：辣椒 花蕾 低温预处理 花药培养 生理指标 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]