设施西瓜卵形异绒螨与瓜蚜发生动态分析  

Analysis of Occurrence Dynamics of Allothrombium ovatum and Melon Aphids in Facility Watermelon

作　　者：佘小玲 王少丽[2] 周成贤 吴丹 贺纪婷 吕洋 刘立娟 SHE Xiaoling;WANG Shaoli;ZHOU Chengxian;WU Dan;HE Jiting;LYU Yang;LIU Lijuan(Beijing Yanqing District Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Beijing 102100,China;State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding,Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Beijing Yanqing District Agricultural Science and Technology Service Center,Beijing 102100,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市延庆区农业技术推广站,北京102100 [2]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,蔬菜生物育种全国重点实验室,北京100081 [3]北京市延庆区农业科技服务中心,北京102100

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2024年第8期75-79,共5页China Vegetables

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系北京市特色作物创新团队项目(BAIC04-2024)。

摘　　要：瓜蚜是设施西瓜健康生产的重要限制因子,田间调查中发现春季设施栽培中出现一定数量的卵形异绒螨幼螨,该螨能否抑制瓜蚜种群数量尚不明确。本研究对北京延庆两个未施用化学药剂的西瓜塑料大棚内的卵形异绒螨幼螨及同期发生的瓜蚜种群进行监测,对卵形异绒螨与瓜蚜发生动态进行了分析。结果表明,在延庆塑料大棚西瓜田间,5月19日至6月15日是卵形异绒螨的主要发生期,该螨或自由爬行,或寄生在瓜蚜身体上。两个西瓜大棚内,自然发生的有螨株率可高达26.67%和33.33%,百株螨量可达83.33头和100头,而同时期有蚜株率最高为26.67%,随后瓜蚜种群数量下降,未呈现在适宜环境下的种群指数增长趋势,说明适宜气候年份内,春季设施西瓜大棚内的卵形异绒螨可以压低瓜蚜种群数量,生产上应注意对其保护和利用。Melon aphid(Aphis gossypii)is an important limiting factor for facility watermelon production.During field survey,we discovered in spring facility cultivation there was a certain amount larva of Allothrombium ovatum.Whether these larvae could inhibit the population of melon aphid?It was currently unclear.This study conducted monitoring on larva of Allothrombium ovatum and contemporaneous population of melon aphid,in 2 watermelon plastic-covered tunnels without chemical application at Yanqing district of Beijing;and also analyzed their occurrence dynamics.The results showed that in Yanqing plastic-covered tunnel and watermelon fields the main occurrence stage for Allothrombium ovatum was from May 19th to June 15th.These mites were either free crawling or parasitic on the body of melon aphids.In 2 watermelon plasticcovered tunnels the naturally occurring mite strain rates could reach as high as 26.67%and 33.33%.The number of mites per hundred stains could reach 83.33 heads and 100 heads.Meanwhile,the highest rate of aphid was 26.67%in the same period.Subsequently,the melon aphid populations declined.The exponential population growth trend under suitable environment was not yet presented,indicating that in spring facility watermelon plastic-covered tunnel Allothrombium ovatum could suppress the population of melon aphid in suitable climate years.Attention should be paid to the protection and utilization in production.

关 键 词：设施西瓜 卵形异绒螨 发生动态 瓜蚜 种群控制 

分 类 号：S476.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S436.5[农业科学—植物保护]