微卫星标记技术在绵羊育种中的应用  

Application of Microsatellite Marker Technology in Sheep Breeding

作　　者：罗春彦 白锋 周喜荣[2] 于丽娟[3,4] 张恺 玛尔孜亚·亚森 阿米妮古丽·阿不力孜[3] 纳扎开提·艾尼万尔 买坎·沙力 张艳花 LUO Chunyan;BAI Feng;ZHOU Xirong;YU Lijuan;ZHANG Kai;MAERZIYA·Yasen;AMINIGULI·Abulizi;NAZAKAITI·Ainiwaner;MAIKAN·Shali;ZHANG Yanhua(College of Animal Science,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Xinjiang Urumqi 830052,China;Institute of Animal Husbandry Economics and Information,Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science,Xinjiang Urumqi 830026,China;Institute of Animal Science,Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science,Xinjiang Urumqi 830026,China;Key Laboratory of Evaluation and Utilization of Livestock and Poultry Resources(Sheep),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Xinjiang Urumqi 830026,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆畜牧科学院畜牧业经济与信息研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830026 [3]新疆畜牧科学院畜牧研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830026 [4]农业农村部畜禽资源(羊)评价利用重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830026

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2024年第7期54-59,共6页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展专项资金(ZYYD2023B10);新疆维吾尔自治区产业技术体系(XJMQ-1)。

摘　　要：丰富的绵羊品种是我国宝贵的遗传资源,保护与管理不到位是造成品种资源数量下降以及绵羊生产性能降低的主要原因,为充分保护和利用绵羊资源、提高生产性能,利用分子技术开展绵羊遗传育种研究已成为主流。微卫星标记技术是一种普遍应用的分子标记辅助育种手段,虽在自动化水平方面具有一定的局限性,但其具有信息量大、分布广、多态性高、成本低等优势,在畜禽遗传育种研究领域发挥着不可替代的作用,不断发展的高通量测序技术对微卫星标记技术带来了极大的推动作用。本文主要介绍了微卫星标记的作用机制、特征、基于高通量测序技术的筛选及检测分析方法等,重点综述了微卫星标记技术在绵羊遗传多样性评估、群体遗传结构分析、遗传图谱构建、亲权鉴定、杂种优势推测等方面的应用进展,以期为更好地应用微卫星标记技术开展绵羊遗传育种研究工作提供参考。The abundant sheep breeds are precious genetic resources in our country.Inadequate protection and management are the main reasons for the decline in the number of breed resources and the reduction in sheep production performance.To fully protect and utilize sheep resources and improve production performance,utilizing molecular techniques to conduct sheep genetic breeding research has become mainstream.Microsatellite marker technology is a widely used molecular marker-assisted breeding method.Although it has certain limitations in terms of automation,its advantages such as large information content,wide distribution,high polymorphism,and low cost make it play an irreplaceable role in the field of livestock and poultry genetic breeding research.Moreover,the continuously developing high-throughput sequencing technology has greatly promoted the microsatellite marker technology.This article mainly introduces the mechanism of action,characteristics,screening and detection analysis methods based on high-throughput sequencing technology of microsatellite markers(SSR).It focuses on reviewing the application progress of microsatellite marker technology in sheep genetic diversity assessment,population genetic structure analysis,genetic map construction,parentage identification,and hybrid vigor prediction,in order to provide a reference for better application of microsatellite marker technology in sheep genetic breeding research.

关 键 词：微卫星标记 绵羊 遗传育种 应用 

分 类 号：S826.3[农业科学—畜牧学]