高速精密轴承表面硬化及尺寸稳定化工艺研究  

Research on Surface Hardening and Dimensional Stabilisation Process of High-speed Precision Bearings

作　　者：史亚妮 杨晨星 李怡蓁 王超 董小波 SHI Yani;YANG Chenxing;LI Yizhen;WANG Chao;DONG Xiaobo(Luoyang Bearing Group Co.,Ltd.,Luoyang 471039,Henan,China;Key Laboratory of Aviation Precision Bearing,Luoyang 471039,Henan,China;Henan High-end bearing Industry Research Institute,Luoyang 471039,Henan,China;Bearing Technology Innovation Center of Henan Province,Luoyang 471039,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]洛阳轴承集团股份有限公司,河南洛阳471039 [2]航空精密轴承国家重点实验室,河南洛阳471039 [3]河南省高端轴承产业研究院,河南洛阳471039 [4]河南省轴承技术创新中心,河南洛阳471039

出　　处：《热处理技术与装备》2024年第4期18-22,共5页Heat Treatment Technology and Equipment

摘　　要：利用金相显微镜(OM)、显微硬度计和X射线衍射仪(XRD)等仪器对GCr15轴承钢在不同热处理工艺下的组织特征、硬化层梯度和残余奥氏体含量进行分析研究。结果表明,通过碳氮共渗淬火+(-70℃×2 h)冷处理+220℃×4 h回火热处理可实现轴承零件表面硬度>63 HRC、基体残余奥氏体含量<3%、表面残余奥氏体含量约6%的技术要求,保证零件尺寸精度的同时可避免因残余奥氏体含量过低而导致的轴承接触疲劳寿命下降。通过在原材料中添加微量Mo、V等强碳化物合金元素,并进行马氏体淬火和碳氮共渗两次淬火,基体的平均晶粒度由原来的8级细化至10级以上。The microstructure characteristics,hardening layer gradient and residual austenite content of GCr15 bearing steel under different heat treatment processes were analyzed and studied using optical microscopy(OM),microhardness tester and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The results showed that the technical requirements for bearing parts with surface hardness greater than 63 HRC,the residual austenite content in the matrix less than 3%and the residual austenite content on the surface about 6%could be achieved through carbonitriding quenching,cold treatment at-70℃for 2 h and tempering at 220℃for 4 h,and ensured the dimensional accuracy of the parts while avoiding the low contact fatigue life of the bearings due to the low residual austenite content.By adding trace amounts of strong carbide alloying elements such as Mo and V to the raw materials,and undergoing two quenching processes of martensitic quenching and carbonitriding,the average grain size of the matrix was refined from grade 8 to more than grade 10.

关 键 词：GCR15轴承钢 残余奥氏体 硬度 硬化层深度 碳氮共渗 

分 类 号：TG156.3[金属学及工艺—热处理]