谷子育成品种萌芽期耐冷性综合评价  

Comprehensively evaluation on cold tolerance of foxtail millet varieties at germination stage

作　　者：闫锋[1] 董扬[1] 李清泉[1] 赵富阳[1] 侯晓敏 刘洋[1] 李青超[1] 赵蕾[1] 范国权[2] 刘凯[3] YAN Feng;DONG Yang;LI Qing-Quan;ZHAO Fu-Yang;HOU Xiao-Min;LIU Yang;LI Qing-Chao;ZHAO Lei;FAN Guo-Quan;LIU Kai(Qiqihar Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qiqihar 161006,Heilongjiang,China;Industrial Crops Institute,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150086,Heilongjiang,China;Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150086,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院齐齐哈尔分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院经济作物研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [3]黑龙江省农业科学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《作物学报》2024年第9期2207-2218,共12页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部国家农业现代产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-06-14.5-B21)资助。

摘　　要：黑龙江地处高纬度地区,谷子播种后萌发期冷害频繁发生,造成出苗缓慢、出苗不齐、缺苗,是限制本地区谷子产量和品质的关键性因素,鉴定谷子耐冷性并筛选耐冷评价指标,可为耐冷谷子品种选育提供理论依据并对谷子安全生产具有重要意义。以52个谷子育成品种为研究对象,设置12个萌发期冷胁迫处理,以发芽率为指标探讨了谷子萌发期耐冷性的适宜鉴定方法。低温胁迫后测量了发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、芽长、根长、芽鲜重、根鲜重7个指标的耐冷系数,运用隶属函数分析、主成分分析、相关分析和聚类分析法对参试品种的耐冷性进行了综合评价和归类,并采用逐步回归分析建立了耐冷性预测回归方程。结果表明, 8℃低温处理7 d,谷子品种发芽率的变异幅度最大,能较好地鉴别品种间耐冷性差异,是谷子萌发期耐冷性鉴定的最适宜条件;低温胁迫后7个鉴定指标均低28℃对照处理,但各指标间降低程度不同;利用主成分分析将7个单项指标转化为3个独立的综合指标,主成分分析表明,芽长、芽鲜重和根鲜重最能代表谷子萌发期对低温胁迫后的响应情况,可作为萌发期耐冷性鉴定的评价指标。通过聚类分析,将52个谷子品种划分为3类,筛选出嫩选14、朝谷14、蒙黑谷8号等17个高度耐冷品种,以及鲁谷7号、晋谷20等15个冷敏感品种,这些品种可为耐冷育种和谷子生产提供种质基础。Heilongjiang province,located in high latitudes,frequently experiences cold damage during the germination period of millet after sowing.This leads to slow and uneven emergence,as well as insufficient seedling growth,which is a key limiting factor for millet yield and quality in this region.Identifying the cold tolerance of millet and screening appropriate evaluation indi-ces for cold tolerance can provide a theoretical foundation for breeding cold-tolerant millet varieties.It holds great significance for ensuring the safe production of millet.In this study,52 foxtail millet cultivars were selected as research subjects.Twelve cold stress treatments were applied during the germination stage,and the suitability of using germination rate as the index for evaluat-ing cold tolerance at this stage was explored.Following low-temperature stress,the cold tolerance coefficients of seven indices,including germination potential,germination rate,germination index,bud length,root length,bud fresh weight,and root fresh weight,were measured.Comprehensive evaluation of the tested varieties'cold tolerance was conducted using membership func-tion analysis,principal component analysis,correlation analysis,and cluster analysis.Stepwise regression analysis was employed to establish a regression equation for predicting cold tolerance.The results revealed that the germination rate of millet varieties exhibited the largest variation range after seven days of low-temperature treatment at 8℃.This treatment effectively distinguished the differences in cold tolerance among varieties and proved to be the most suitable condition for evaluating cold tolerance during the germination stage.Following low-temperature stress,all seven evaluated indices showed lower values compared to the control treatment at 28℃,although the degree of reduction varied among the indices.Through principal component analysis,the seven individual indices were transformed into three independent comprehensive indices.It was found that bud length,bud fresh weight,and ro

关 键 词：谷子 萌芽期 冷胁迫 综合评价 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S515[农业科学—作物学]