白桦树轮记录的额尔古纳地区最近百年的降水变化  

A Betula platyphylla tree-ring based precipitation records in Erguna during latest hundred years

作　　者：陈寅一 李俊霞[1] 高欣 陈振举[1,2,3,4] CHEN Yinyi;LI Junxia;GAO Xin;CHEN Zhenju(Tree-Ring Laboratory/Research Station of Liaohe-River Plain Forest Ecosystem CEN,College of Forestry,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,Liaoning;Qingyuan Forest CERN,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110164,Liaoning;Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu;National Research Station of Changbai Forest Ecosystem,Er'daobaihe 133613,Jilin)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学林学院树木年轮实验室/辽宁辽河平原森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,辽宁沈阳110866 [2]中国科学院清原森林生态系统观测研究站,辽宁沈阳110164 [3]中国科学院沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [4]吉林长白山森林生态系统国家野外观测研究站,吉林二道白河133613

出　　处：《第四纪研究》2024年第4期908-919,共12页Quaternary Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:42488201、41888101和41871027)资助。

摘　　要：利用树木年轮探测历史时期气候因子变化具有较大潜力。本研究首次基于大兴安岭西北部额尔古纳地区的白桦(Betula platyphylla)树轮样本,重建了该地区1902~2019年(EPS>0.85)共118年6~7月的降水量变化,重建模型的方差解释量为30.4%;同时,本重建与邻近地区的历史资料有较好的对应关系,进一步验证了该重建序列的可靠性。该重建序列显示,自1902年以来本区域的降水变化相对平稳,共经历了8个偏干旱期(1903~1916年、1924~1929年、1937~1941年、1949~1954年、1965~1972年、1979~1983年、1990~1993年和2001~2007年)和8个偏湿润期(1917~1923年、1930~1936年、1942~1948年、1955~1964年、1973~1978年、1984~1989年、1994~2000年和2008~2019年),不存在明显的趋势变化,其中最长的偏干旱期为1903~1916年(共14年);该重建序列具有较好的时空代表性,1967年、1968年和2003年为该时期的3个极端干旱年,1920年为该时期的1个极端湿润年。波、谱分析结果显示该地区降水存在2.2 a、7~7.7 a以及8~15 a的准周期。另外,研究区降水变化与热带太平洋海温波动(如ENSO、PDO等)和极地海洋涛动(如AO)存在关联并受太阳活动影响。该研究不仅填补了区域空白,延长了该地区的降水记录,还证明阔叶树种白桦也是该地区可靠的树木年轮气候学代用资料。Tree ring has a high potential for detecting changes in climate factors during historical periods.In this study,we reconstructed the June-July precipitation in the study area(51°46′12″~52°00′36″N,121°55′48″~122°00′36″E;706.3 m a.s.l.)over 118 years based on a total of 94 cores from 47 Betula platyphylla trees at two sampling sites in Erguna in northwestern Greater Khingan Mountains area for the first time.All cores were standardized using negative exponential curves to remove the influences of itself and the surrounding environment,and the standard chronologies for 1902~2019 A.D.were obtained.We correlated the climate data of Erguna meteorological station and the standardized chronologies,and found the highest correlation between the regional chronology and June-July precipitation(r=0.56,p<0.01)during 1957~2019.And then,we reconstructed June-July precipitation with 30.4%total variance explanation of actual precipitation records by the reconstruction model.At the same time,the reconstruction has a good correspondence with the historical data from neighboring areas,further verifying the reliability of the reconstruction sequence.The reconstruction shows that precipitation was relatively stable since 1902 in the study area,with eight dry periods(1903~1916,1924~1929,1937~1941,1949~1954,1965~1972,1979~1983,1990~1993,and 2001~2007)and eight wet periods(1917~1923,1930~1936,1942~1948,1955~1964,1973~1978,1984~1989,1994~2000,and 2008~2019),and there is no obvious trend with the longest dry period 1903~1916(14 years in total).The reconstruction exhibits enhanced temporal and spatial representativeness,with 1967,1968,and 2003 representing three extreme drought years within the period,while 1920 stands out as one extreme wet year.The results of wavelet and multi-taper spectrum analysis show that the precipitation in this area has a quasi-period of 2.2 year,7~7.7 year and 8~15 year at the 95%confidence level.In addition,precipitation change in the study area is related to Sea Surface Temperature(SST)fluctua

关 键 词：白桦 树木年轮 降水重建 额尔古纳地区 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学] P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]