非治疗性胸腺切除术及胸腺切除对整体健康影响的研究进展  

Research progress of effect of non-therapeutic thymectomy and thymectomy on overall health

作　　者：蒋斌诚 许宁 谷志涛[1] 方文涛[1] JIANG Bincheng;XU Ning;GU Zhitao;FANG Wentao(Department of Thoracic Surgery,Shanghai Chest Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai,200030,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属胸科医院胸外科,上海200030

出　　处：《中国胸心血管外科临床杂志》2024年第8期1222-1228,共7页Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

基　　金：上海市胸科医院院内协同创新临床研究项目重大课题(YJXT20190104)。

摘　　要：胸腺切除术是胸腺瘤等疾病的主要治疗手段,但由于前纵隔占位性病变鉴别诊断困难,非治疗性胸腺切除术的发生率较高。以往人们认为成年后胸腺会逐渐退化并丧失功能,不重视胸腺的保留,然而近年来研究发现在各年龄阶段切除胸腺都会对整体健康产生不利影响,并导致自身免疫病、恶性肿瘤的发病风险及全因死亡率显著增加。因此,临床上应尽量避免不必要的胸腺切除。本文综述了胸腺切除对人体的影响,包括免疫学指标的变化及临床预后,并进一步探讨了非治疗性胸腺切除术的现状及避免方法。Thymectomy is the main treatment for thymoma and other thymic diseases.But the incidence of nontherapeutic thymectomy is high due to the difficulty in the differential diagnosis of anterior mediastinum lesions.Formerly,it was believed that the thymus gradually degraded and lost function with aging,and the preservation of the thymus was not valued.Recent studies have found that the removal of the thymus at all ages has adverse effects on overall health and leads to a significant increase in the risk of autoimmune diseases,malignancy,and all-cause mortality.Therefore,unnecessary thymectomy should be avoided.This article reviews the influence of thymectomy,including the changes of immunological indexes and clinical prognosis,and further discusses the current situation and avoidance methods of non-therapeutic thymectomy.

关 键 词：胸腺 胸腺瘤 胸腺切除术 非治疗胸腺切除术 重症肌无力 综述 

分 类 号：R655.7[医药卫生—外科学]