A review of the catalytic preparation of mesophase pitch  

催化法制备中间相沥青的研究进展

作　　者：MA Zi-hui YANG Tao SONG Yan CHEN Wen-sheng DUAN Chun-feng SONG Huai-he TIAN Xiao-dong GONG Xiang-jie LIU Zheng-yang LIU Zhan-jun 马子辉;杨桃;宋燕;陈文胜;段淳枫;宋怀河;田晓冬;巩向杰;刘正阳;刘占军(中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所中国科学院炭材料重点实验室,山西太原030001;中国科学院大学材料与光电研究中心,北京100049;北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100029)

机构地区：[1]CAS Key Laboratory for Carbon Materials,Institute of Coal Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Taiyuan 030001,China [2]Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China [3]College of Material Science and Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China

出　　处：《新型炭材料（中英文）》2024年第4期583-610,共28页New Carbon Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52072383,U21A2061,22209197);山西省自然科学基金项目(202203021211002,202203021222399);中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所创新基金资助项目(SCJC-XCL-2022-08).

摘　　要：Because of its high purity and excellent orientation, mesophase pitch is a superior precursor for high-performance car-bon materials. However, the preparation of top-notch mesophase pitch faces challenges. Catalytic polycondensation at low temperat-ures is more favorable for synthesizing mesophase pitch, because it circumvents the high-temperature free radical reaction of other thermal polycondensation approaches. The reaction is gentle and can be easily controlled. It has the potential to significantly im-prove the yield of mesophase pitch and easily introduce naphthenic characteristics into the molecules, catalytic polycondensation is therefore a preferred method of synthesizing highly spinnable mesophase pitch. This review provides a synopsis of the selective pre-treatment of the raw materials to prepare different mesophase pitches, and explains the reaction mechanism and associated research advances for different catalytic systems in recent years. Finally, how to manufacture high-quality mesophase pitch by using a cata-lyst-promoter system is summarized and proposed, which may provide a theoretical basis for the future design of high-quality pitch molecules.中间相沥青具有高的纯度和优异的取向性,是高性能炭材料的优质前驱体。然而,高性能中间相沥青的制备仍面临着巨大挑战。低温催化缩聚方法更有利于合成中间相沥青,避免了热缩聚方法产生高温自由基反应的影响。此外,该反应条件温和且易于控制,可以显著提高中间相沥青的产率,容易将环烷基特性引入分子中,因此,催化缩聚是合成高可纺丝性中间相沥青的最佳制备方法。本文对制备不同中间相沥青的原料预处理方法进行了概要,并阐述了近年来不同催化体系的反应机理和相关研究进展。最后,总结并展望了如何利用催化剂-促进剂体系制备高质量的中间相沥青,有望为今后高质量沥青分子的设计提供独特的理念和可靠的理论指导。

关 键 词：Mesophase pitch Catalytic polycondensation LEWIS-ACID Brønsted acid Catalyst-promoter system 

分 类 号：TQ127.11[化学工程—无机化工]