江苏籍大一新生三大传染病知识知晓水平的潜在剖面及其影响因素分析  

Analysis of latent profiles and influencing factors of knowledge of three major infectious diseases among freshmen from Jiangsu Province

作　　者：尹慧敏 李志杰 陈笑艳 杜国平 卫平民[1] YIN Hui-min;LI Zhi-jie;CHEN Xiao-yan;DU Guo-ping;WEI Ping-min(School of Public Health,Southeast University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 211189,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]东南大学公共卫生学院,江苏南京211189 [2]东南大学医院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第15期2849-2856,共8页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：江苏省教育科学“十四五”规划2021年度一般课题(T-c/2021/04);江苏省高等教育学会“十四五”高等教育科学研究规划重点调研课题(ZDDY12)。

摘　　要：目的探讨江苏籍大一新生艾滋病、结核病和乙肝知识知晓水平的潜在分类,并分析不同潜在类别的影响因素。方法多阶段分层随机抽取2019—2022年江苏高校13个地级市户籍的男、女新生,在线完成传染病防治知识问卷调查。采用潜在剖面分析(latent profile analysis,LPA)探究三大传染病知识知晓水平分类及其特征,构建多因素logistic回归模型分析潜在剖面类别的影响因素。结果江苏籍大一新生三大传染病知识知晓可分为2个类别,高得分组(93.8%)和低得分组(6.2%)。多因素logistic回归显示:公办专科(OR=2.47,95%CI:2.23~2.75)、民办本科(OR=1.44,95%CI:1.27~1.63)、非独生子女(OR=1.11,95%CI:1.01~1.23)、与(外)祖父母居住(OR=1.38,95%CI:1.12~1.71)和居住方式为其他(OR=2.07,95%CI:1.64~2.61)是新生潜在剖面分组为低得分组的危险因素。结论基于低得分组大学生的显著特征,高校应重点加强公办专科和民办本科学生,母亲文化程度低、家庭收入低、非独生子女和有留守经历等的大学生群体传染病防治知识的健康教育,提升大学生传染病健康素养。Objective To explore the potential classification of knowledge levels regarding HIV/AIDS,tuberculosis,and hepatitis B among freshmen from Jiangsu Province,and to analyze the influencing factors of different potential categories.Methods Freshmen from Jiangsu Province’s thirteen cities attending universities in Jiangsu from 2019 to 2022 were randomly selected through a multi-stage stratified sampling and completed an online questionnaire on infectious disease prevention and control knowledge.Latent profile analysis(LPA)was used to explore the classification and characteristics of knowledge levels of the three major infectious diseases.Multivariate logistic regression model was constructed to analyze the influencing factors of potential profile categories.Results The knowledge levels of the three major infectious diseases among freshmen from Jiangsu Province were classified into two categories:“high-scoring group”(93.8%)and“low-scoring group”(6.2%).Multivariate logistic regression showed that attending public specialized colleges(OR=2.47,95%CI:2.23-2.75),attending private undergraduate colleges(OR=1.44,95%CI:1.27-1.63),not being the only child(OR=1.11,95%CI:1.01-1.23),living with(grand)parents(OR=1.38,95%CI:1.12-1.71),and living with others(OR=2.07,95%CI:1.64-2.61)were risk factors for freshmen categorized into the“low-scoring group”.Conclusion Based on the significant characteristics of the“low-scoring group”of college students,universities should focus on strengthening health education on infectious disease prevention and control knowledge for students attending public specialized and private undergraduate colleges,those with lower maternal education and family income,non-only children,and those with left-behind experiences,in order to improve the health literacy of college students regarding infectious diseases.

关 键 词：艾滋病 结核病 乙肝 知晓水平 潜在剖面分析 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]