2010—2022年云南省猩红热流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever in Yunnan Province from 2010 to 2022

作　　者：林燕[1] 马会来[2] 卢冉[1] 何继波[1] 邬志薇[1] LIN Yan;MA Hui-lai;LU Ran;HE Ji-bo;WU Zhi-wei(Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Kunming,Yunnan 650500,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]云南省疾病预防控制中心,云南昆明650500 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第15期2857-2861,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2010—2022年云南省猩红热监测数据,以初步掌握其发病水平和流行病学特征,为进一步做好防控工作提供科学依据。方法2010—2022年云南省猩红热数据来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统,描述三间分布,用季节指数分析季节趋势;随机抽取省内22家医疗机构报告的92例猩红热病例,核查其诊断准确性。结果2010—2022年,云南省报告猩红热21081例,其中确诊病例仅占5.25%;年均发病率3.44/10万,无死亡;每年有春夏季、冬季两个流行高峰,分别占全年发病数的49.78%和17.43%。10岁以下儿童高发,发病率为23.75/10万,男童发病高于女童;年均发病率居前列的州市为丽江市、玉溪市、大理州、普洱市,分别为10.49/10万、7.67/10万、5.54/10万、5.21/10万,2020年前后发病率上升幅度较大的州市为迪庆州、怒江州、曲靖市、文山州,上升幅度较大的县区为文山州丘北县、迪庆州维西县、曲靖市罗平县、怒江州兰坪县;抽查22家医疗机构2021—2022年报告的92例猩红热病例,诊断准确率为56.52%。结论2010—2022年,云南省猩红热发病总体呈上升趋势,建议在丽江、玉溪、大理等重点流行区开展以健康教育为主的综合预防措施,并开展病原学哨点监测;建议在近两年发病上升幅度较大的文山州丘北县、迪庆州维西县、怒江州兰坪县等地开展病例诊断质量核查,掌握猩红热发病的真实情况。Objective To analyze the surveillance data of scarlet fever in Yunnan Province from 2010 to 2022,in order to understand its incidence level and epidemiological characteristics,and to provide a scientific basis for further prevention and control.Methods The scarlet fever data from 2010 to 2022 in Yunnan Province were obtained from the“China Disease Prevention and Control Information System”.The spatial distribution was described,and seasonal trends were analyzed using seasonal indices.A total of 92 scarlet fever cases reported by 22 medical institutions in the province were randomly selected for verification of diagnostic accuracy.Results From 2010 to 2022,a total of 21081 cases of scarlet fever were reported in Yunnan Province,with only 5.25%confirmed cases.The average annual incidence rate was 3.44 per 100000,with no reported deaths.There were two peaks in the incidence rate each year,in spring/summer and winter,accounting for 49.78%and 17.43%of the total annual cases,respectively.The highest incidence rates were observed in children under 10 years old,with an incidence rate of 23.75 per 100000,and the incidence rate in boys was higher than that in girls.The cities and prefectures with the highest average annual incidence rates were Lijiang city(10.49 per 100000),Yuxi city(7.67 per 100000),Dali Prefecture(5.54 per 100000),and Pu’er city(5.21 per 100000).The areas with significant increases in incidence rates around 2020 were Diqing Prefecture,Nujiang Prefecture,Qujing city,and Wenshan Prefecture,and the specific counties with significant increases were Qiubei County in Wenshan Prefecture,Weixi County in Diqing Prefecture,Luoping County in Qujing city,and Lanping County in Nujiang Prefecture.Among the 92 scarlet fever cases reported by the 22 medical institutions from 2021 to 2022,the diagnostic accuracy was 56.52%.Conclusion From 2010 to 2022,the overall incidence of scarlet fever in Yunnan Province showed an increasing trend.It is recommended to implement comprehensive prevention measures focusing on heal

关 键 词：猩红热 流行特征 云南 

分 类 号：R515.1[医药卫生—内科学] R183.3[医药卫生—临床医学]