专题数据库建设与《汉语大字典》的修订  

Construction of Thematic Databases and Revision of the Hanyu Da Zidian(《汉语大字典》)

作　　者：姜永超 黄仁瑄[2] JIANG Yongchao;HUANG Renxuan

机构地区：[1]燕山大学文法学院 [2]华中科技大学中国语言研究所

出　　处：《汉字汉语研究》2024年第2期47-57,126,共12页The Study Of Chinese Characters And Language

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中、日、韩汉语音义文献集成与汉语音义学研究”(19ZDA318);华中科技大学一流文科建设重大学科平台建设项目“数字人文与语言研究创新平台”;燕山大学教学研究与改革项目“能力导向的汉语国际教育专业《古代汉语》AI课程改革”的阶段性成果

摘　　要：《汉语大字典》(第2版)的音义匹配关系是汉语音义学研究的重要内容。《汉语大字典》不仅在释义、字形、注音、术语等方面存在问题,而且关联错讹问题更为突出,在文字不同形体的对应、字音与释义、义项与释义、新旧字形与义项、义项与书证、术语与字际关系等方面均存在不同程度的抵牾。专题数据库对于《汉语大字典》的修订完善有重要意义。修订完善《汉语大字典》有必要着力解决专题数据库建设和专题数据库关联平台建设两个问题。建设专题数据库和关联平台数据库的途径包括:汇集与校勘已有《汉大》研究成果,再加工与融合已有汉语或汉字信息数据库,梳理与对齐新出土或新见文献,等等。采用元数据、知识图谱、语义关联等计算机技术,可以很好地实现上述目标,把汉字形、音、义、引文信息与《汉语大字典》修订完善工作有机结合起来。The relationship between pronunciation and meaning in the second edition of the Hanyu Da Zidian(《汉语大字典》)is a crucial area of research in Chinese phonosemantics.Alongside the issues with definitions,character forms,sounds,and terminology,the Hanyu Da Zidian(《汉语大字典》)also suffers from prominent problems related to correlation errors.These errors manifest in various forms,including the correspondence between different forms of Chinese characters,pronunciation and meaning,sense and definition,old and new character forms with meanings,meanings and textual evidence,and terminology and inter-character relationships.Thematic databases play a vital role in the revision and improvement of the Hanyu Da Zidian(《汉语大字典》).It is necessary to focus on solving two issues:the construction of thematic databases and the development of platforms for thematic database correlation.The methodology for constructing thematic databases and correlation platform databases entails gathering and collating existing research findings on the Hanyu Da Zidian(《汉语大字典》),reprocessing and integrating existing Chinese or Chinese character information databases,and sorting and aligning newly excavated or newly discovered literature.Computer technologies such as metadata,knowledge graphs,and semantic correlations can effectively accomplish the these objectives and integrate the information on Chinese character forms,sounds,meanings,and citations with the revision and improvement of the Hanyu Da Zidian(《汉语大字典》).

关 键 词：汉语大字典 专题数据库 汉字形音义关联 修订 

分 类 号：H163[语言文字—汉语]