钢渣淬冷粒化研究现状及进展  

Research status and progress of quenching granulation of steel slag

作　　者：赵凯 王殿新 甄常亮 张巧荣 陈伟 张玉柱 ZHAO Kai;WANG Dianxin;ZHEN Changliang;ZHANG Qiaorong;CHEN Wei;ZHANG Yuzhu(College of Metallurgy and Energy,North China University of Technology,Tangshan 063210,China)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学冶金与能源学院,河北唐山摇063210

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2024年第4期33-40,共8页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展资金资助项目(226Z3802G);河北省科技厅中央引导地方项目(236Z3806G)。

摘　　要：全国每年新增钢渣排放量在1亿t以上,利用率仅为10%~20%,转炉液态钢渣中有“渣、铁、热”等丰富资源,简单堆存或者填埋造成了极大浪费。目前的钢渣粒化主流技术主要有热闷法、风淬粒化法、滚筒法等,其均基于钢渣粒化和游离氧化钙(f-CaO)的消解开发,便于后续的破碎筛分磁选,以得到渣钢、磁选粉和尾渣。这些方法虽在一定程度上解决了其他方法存在的投资大、占地多、污染重等问题,但依然存在钢渣资源利用不完全、体积安定性风险、磨矿成本高、铁含量高等问题,笔者提出采用改质重构与气水两相混合流体淬冷粒化技术相结合的方法处理钢渣,该方法向液态钢渣中加入酸性熔剂和还原剂进行改质,利用气体的高运动速度和水的高导热性将液态钢渣迅速冷却成固体状颗粒,降低了钢渣纤维化的情况,兼顾重构渣的粒化与余热回收效率。提铁后的尾渣在粒度分级后可用于建材制备、土壤改质及微晶玻璃、陶瓷材料领域,但目前该方法还处于研究阶段,不够成熟,后期还需在高性能钢渣粒化材料制备、环保利用与资源化、钢渣深度加工发展方面进行深入研究。The annual new steel slag discharge in China is more than 100 million tons,and the utilization rate is only 10%~20%.There are abundant resources such as“slag,iron and heat”in the liquid steel slag of converter,which causes great waste by simple storage or landfill.At present,the mainstream technologies of steel slag granulation mainly include hot stuffy method,air quenching granulation method,drum method,etc.,which are all based on the development of steel slag granulation and free calcium oxide(f-CaO)digestion,which is convenient for subsequent crushing,screening and magnetic separation to obtain slag steel,magnetic separation powder and tailings.Although these methods have solved the problems of large investment,large land occupation and heavy pollution in other methods to a certain extent,there are still some problems such as incomplete utilization of steel slag resources,risk of volume stability,high grinding cost and high iron content.The author proposes to use the combination of modified reconstruction and gas-water two-phase mixed fluid quenching granulation technology to treat steel slag.This method adds acid flux and reducing agent to liquid steel slag,and uses the high speed of gas and the high thermal conductivity of water to quickly cool the liquid steel slag into solid particles,which reduces the fibrosis of steel slag and takes into account the granulation of reconstructed slag and the efficiency of waste heat recovery.The tailings after iron extraction can be used in the fields of building materials preparation,soil modification,glass-ceramic and ceramic materials after particle size classification.However,this method is still in the research stage and not mature enough.In the later stage,it is necessary to carry out in-depth research on the preparation of high-performance steel slag granulation materials,environmental protection utilization and resource utilization,and the development of steel slag deep processing.

关 键 词：钢渣 双介质淬冷粒化 改质重构 铁回收 余热回收 资源化利用 

分 类 号：TF09[冶金工程—冶金物理化学] X756[环境科学与工程—环境工程]