钴锍氯化浸出工艺试验研究  

Experimental study on chlorination leaching process of cobalt matte

作　　者：王崇国 金小容 刘广龙 陈艳丽 苏军德 汪晓文 WANG Chongguo;JIN Xiaorong;LIU Guanglong;CHEN Yanli;SU Junde;WANG Xiaowen(GanSu Vocational&Technical College of Nonferrous Metallurgy,Jinchang 737100,China;Jinchuan Group Nickle and Cobalt Research and Design Institute Co.Ltd.,Jinchang 737100,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃有色冶金职业技术学院,甘肃金昌737100 [2]金川集团镍钴研究设计院,甘肃金昌737100

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2024年第4期48-56,共9页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金项目“祁连山重点区域生态系统服务功能及其权衡协同关系研究”(22JR5RC1081);甘肃省高等学校创新基金项目“新能源汽车用高能量密度锂电池正极材料的制备与改性研究”(2022B-519);金昌市青年人才基金项目“高能量密度锂离子电池正极材料的制备研究”(2022RC015)。

摘　　要：钴锍是冶炼钴的常用原料之一,其富含钴、铜、铁等成分,化学性质稳定,常规浸出方法无法有效溶出有价金属,而且其硬度大,磨料处理难度大。本文以进口的钴锍颗粒为研究对象,从磨矿设备选择、氯化浸出试验、验证试验和工业试验等方面系统考察了钴锍氯气酸浸处理工艺的可行性,得到以下主要结论:振动磨料能有效处理硬度大的钴锍颗粒,经磨料后钴锍的排矿粒度90%在150μm以下,能耗为1.2 kg/kW·h;在15%盐酸与钴锍料液固质量比6∶1、拌速度60 r/min、反应温度95℃、反应时间8 h,并同时通入氯气的条件下,钴锍中铜、钴浸出率均达到90%以上,铁浸出率达到70%以上;工业试验中对磨料及浸出工序进行了优化,磨料能耗耗降至4 kg/kW·h,铜、钴、铁浸出率均达到了98%以上,效果提升显著。浸出液经针铁矿法除铁、萃取除铜后可以得到富钴溶液,而且浸出渣量小,能较好应用于工业化生产。Cobalt matte is one of the commonly used raw materials for cobalt smelting,which is rich in components such as cobalt,copper,and iron.Its chemical properties are stable,and conventional leaching methods cannot effectively dissolve valuable metals.Moreover,its hardness is high,making it difficult to treat abrasives.This article takes imported cobalt matte particles as the research object,and systematically examines the feasibility of the cobalt matte chlorine acid leaching treatment process from the aspects of grinding equipment selection,chloride leaching test,verification test,and industrial test.The main conclusions are as follows:vibration abrasive can effectively treat cobalt matte particles with high hardness,and the discharge particle size of cobalt matte after abrasive treatment is 90%below 150μm,with a power consumption of 1.2 kg/kW·h;Under the conditions of a liquid solid mass ratio of 6:1 between 15%hydrochloric acid and cobalt matte,a mixing speed of 60 r/min,a reaction temperature of 95℃,a reaction time of 8 hours,and the simultaneous introduction of chlorine gas,the leaching rates of copper and cobalt in cobalt matte reached over 90%,and the leaching rate of iron reached over 70%;In industrial experiments,the abrasive and leaching process were optimized,and the abrasive power consumption was reduced to 4 kg/kW·h.The leaching rates of copper,cobalt,and iron all reached over 98%,with a significant improvement in the effect.After removing iron and copper by the goethite method,the leaching solution can obtain a cobalt rich solution,and the amount of leaching residue is small,which can be well applied in industrial production.

关 键 词：钴锍 磨料 振动磨 氯化浸出 氯化钴溶液 

分 类 号：TF816[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TD92[矿业工程—选矿]