浸没式多孔道喷枪气体流动与传热特性数值模拟研究  

Numerical simulation on characteristics of gas flow and heat transfer in immersed multi-channel lance

作　　者：唐志波 王超 胡卫文 曹欢 李懋 闫红杰[2] 刘柳[2] TANG Zhibo;WANG Chao;HU Weiwen;CAO Huan;LI Mao;YAN Hongjie;LIU Liu(Shuikoushan Nonferrous Metals Co.Ltd.,Hengyang 421513,China;School of Energy Science and Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]水口山有色金属有限责任公司,湖南衡阳摇421513 [2]中南大学能源科学与工程学院,湖南长沙摇410083

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2024年第4期75-83,共9页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

摘　　要：喷枪作为熔池熔炼过程的关键设备,其性能直接影响气流对熔体搅拌效果。本文以阳极泥侧吹炉所使用的浸没式多孔道喷枪为研究对象,建立了长度约为800 mm的多孔道喷枪流动传热物理模型,基于SST k-ω湍流模型对喷枪内的气体流动与传热过程进行了数值模拟研究,分析了喷枪内气流温度、流速以及压力的分布特征,研究了天然气与富氧空气在不同流量下的气流压力沿流动方向变化特性、流量与出口流速间的关系以及流量对喷枪的冷却效果。结果表明,喷枪的多孔道结构有利于提高气体出口流速,强化气流对喷枪的冷却作用;然而,气流在孔道截面突变处以及出口段存在较大压力损失,不利于提高喷枪出口气体流速;随着气体流量的增大,喷枪出口流速显著增大,天然气与富氧空气在喷枪出口段的压力损失分别达到其入口总压的40%和25%;此外,流量对喷枪的冷却效果明显,天然气与富氧空气每增大5 Nm^(3)·h^(-1)、10 Nm^(3)·h^(-1),喷枪出口段温度下降约15 K。As a crucial equipment in the smelting process,the performance of the lance directly influences the stirring effect of the airflow on the melt.In this study,a physical model of an immersed multi-channel lance with a length of approximately 800 mm used in the anode slime side-blown furnace was established.Numerical simulation studies of gas flow and heat transfer processes inside the lance were conducted based on the SST k-ω turbulence model.The distribution characteristics of gas temperature,flow velocity,and pressure inside the lance were analyzed.The variation characteristics of airflow pressure along the flow direction under different flow rates of natural gas and oxygen-enriched air,the relationship between flow rate and outlet velocity,and the cooling effect of airflow rates on the lance were investigated.The findings suggest that the multi-channel structure of the lance enhances the outlet velocity and reinforces the cooling effect of the gas flow.However,significant pressure loss occurs at abrupt changes in the cross-section of the airflow channel and at the outlet section,hindering the enhancement of the outlet velocity.With the increase of airflow rates,the outlet velocity of the lance increases significantly,and the pressure loss at the outlet segment of natural gas and oxygen-enriched air reaches 40%and 25%of their inlet total pressure,respectively.Additionally,the cooling effect of flow rate on the lance is significant,with a decrease of approximately 15 K in the temperature of the outlet section for every increase of 5 Nm^(3)·h^(-1) and 10 Nm^(3)·h^(-1) in flow rate for natural gas and oxygen-enriched air,respectively.

关 键 词：阳极泥侧吹炉 多孔道喷枪 数值模拟 压力损失 喷枪冷却 

分 类 号：TF066[冶金工程—冶金物理化学] TP391.99[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]