基于硅渣和铅渣制备硅铁合金的热力学分析及验证  

Thermodynamic analysis and verification of ferrosilicon alloy prepared based on silica slag and lead slag

作　　者：郭军委 王肇嘉[1,2] 王林俊 刘磊 GUO Junwei;WANG Zhaojia;WANG Linjun;LIU Lei(Beijing Building Materials Academy of Sciences Research,Beijing 100041,China;State Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Resource Utilization and Energy Saving Building Materials,Beijing 100041,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司,北京摇100041 [2]固废资源化利用与节能建材国家重点实验室,北京摇100041

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2024年第4期149-160,共12页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

摘　　要：硅渣和铅渣资源化利用存在回收工艺复杂、有价资源利用率低等问题,但目前硅铁合金市场需求量大,且利用铅渣制备硅铁合金的研究尚未见报道。本文在分析硅渣和铅渣的成分和物相基础上,采用吉布斯自由能函数法和HSC Chemistry软件对可能发生的反应进行了热力学分析,并根据分析结果进行了硅铁合金的制备,得到以下主要结论:硅与铁的氧化物反应生成铁,硅与铁反应生成FeSi、FeSi_(2)、Fe_(3)Si、Fe_(5)Si_(3)以及碳化硅与铁生成FeSi的反应,在298~2 400 K内均能自发进行,但随着温度的升高反应限度降低;硅铁生成的容易程度为Fe_(3)Si>Fe_(5)Si_(3)>FeSi>FeSi_(2);当反应温度低于1 900 K时,C与SiO_(2)的反应以及SiC与SiO_(2)的反应均不能正向进行;通过混料-熔融-水淬-球磨-筛分工艺可制备得到含Fe_(3)Si、Fe_(5)Si_(3)等物相的硅铁,证明硅渣和铅渣协同制备硅铁完全可行,这为两种废渣的资源化利用提供了新思路。The resource utilization of silica slag and lead slag has problems such as complex recovery process and low utilization rate of valuable resources.However,the market demand for ferrosilicon alloy is large,and the research on the preparation of ferrosilicon alloy by lead slag has not been reported.In this paper,based on the analysis of the composition and phase of silica slag and lead slag,the thermodynamic analysis of the possible reactions was carried out by Gibbs free energy function method and HSC Chemistry software,and the preparation of ferrosilicon alloy was carried out according to the analysis results,and the following main conclusions were obtained:.The reaction of silicon with iron oxide to produce iron,the reaction of silicon with iron to produce FeSi,FeSi_(2),Fe_(3) Si,Fe_(5) Si_(3),and the reaction of silicon carbide with iron to produce FeSi could be carried out spontaneously within 298~2400 K,but the reaction limit decreased with the increase of temperature.The ease of ferrosilicon generation is Fe_(3)Si>Fe_(5)Si_(3)>FeSi>FeSi_(2).The reaction between C and SiO_(2) and the reaction between SiC and SiO_(2)could not be carried out in the forward directionwhen the temperature was lower than 1900 K.Through the experimental process of mixing-melting-water crushing-ball milling-screening,ferrosilicon containing Fe_(3)Si,Fe_(5) Si_(3) and other phases can be prepared,which proved that the synergistic preparation of ferrosilicon by silica slag and lead slag was completely feasible,which provided a new idea for the resource utilization of the two waste slags.

关 键 词：硅渣 铅渣 硅铁制备 热力学分析 固废消纳 资源综合利用 

分 类 号：TF125.2[冶金工程—粉末冶金] X758[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]