预处理对汽车车身结构件用6061铝合金型材性能的影响  

Effect of Pretreatment on the Properties of 6061 Aluminium Alloy Profiles for Automotive Body Structural Parts

作　　者：万里 孙大翔[2] 张奇 胡权[4] 黄妙清 WAN Li;SUN Daxiang;ZHANG Qi;HU Quan;HUANG Miaoqing(Faculty of Materials Science and Hydrogen Energy,Foshan University,Foshan 528000;Center for Industrial Analysis and Testing,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083;Foshan Sanshui Fenglu Aluminium Co.,Ltd,Foshan 528000,China)

机构地区：[1]佛山大学材料工程与氢能学院,广东佛山528000 [2]广东省科学院工业分析检测中心,广州510650 [3]中南大学材料科学与工程学院,长沙410083 [4]佛山市三水凤铝铝业有限公司,广东佛山528000

出　　处：《铝加工》2024年第4期39-43,共5页Aluminium Fabrication

基　　金：佛山市核心技术攻关项目(1920001000409)。

摘　　要：采用电子万能试验机、硬度计及导电仪等设备研究了不同预处理温度对汽车车身结构件用6061铝合金型材性能的影响。结果表明:在120~270℃时,随着预处理温度的升高,材料的硬度和强度都呈现出先升高后降低的趋势,而材料的电导率则呈现出先降低再升高的趋势。经过预处理后的材料其自然时效现象消失,材料的硬度、强度及电导率可在很长一段时间的自然停放过程中保持稳定。220℃×1 h和270℃×1 h的预处理使基体组织中析出了大量粗大第二相粒子,该类粒子大大降低了基体的过饱和固溶度,进而使材料人工时效后的力学性能显著恶化。120℃×1 h和170℃×1 h的预处理不对后续人工时效后材料的力学性能产生影响。The effects of different pretreatment temperatures on the properties of 6061 aluminium alloy profiles for automotive body structural parts were studied by means of electronic universal testing machine,hardness tester and conductivity meter.The results show that the hardness and strength of the material increase first and then decrease with the increase of pretreatment temperature at 120~270℃,while the conductivity of the material decreases first and then increases.After pretreatment,the natural aging phenome⁃non of the material disappears,and the hardness,strength and conductivity of the material can remain stable during the natural parking process for a long period of time.Pretreatment at 220℃×1 h and 270℃×1 h greatly reduces the susaturated solid solubility of matrix by precipitating a large number of coarse second phase particles,and significantly deteriorates the mechanical properties of the material after artificial ageing.Pretreatment at 120℃×1 h and 170℃×1 h has no effect on the mechanical properties of the materials after sub⁃sequent artificial ageing.

关 键 词：预处理 自然时效 第二相粒子 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG146.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]