义气之争抑或学理之辩?——从绪方正规和北里柴三郎之争看日本医学近代化  

The Spice of Loyalty or Reasoned Debate:the Modernization of Japanese Medicine from the Perspective of the Debates between Ogata Masanori and Kitasato Shibasaburō

作　　者：夏钊 田妍 XIA Zhao;TIAN Yan(School of Marxism,Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing 100876,China;Japan Institute of Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China)

机构地区：[1]北京邮电大学马克思主义学院,北京100876 [2]南开大学日本研究院,天津300071

出　　处：《广西民族大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第2期40-46,共7页Journal of Guangxi Minzu University ：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：南开大学基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(63212115)。

摘　　要：19-20世纪,德国医学对日本现代医学的发展作出了不可磨灭的贡献,但是日本在学习德国医学的过程中也出现了紧张与分立的状态。绪方正规和北里柴三郎同样是留学德国,但他们却因阶级、观念和师承的不同分立成两派,在学理之辩中掺杂义气之争。究其根本,这种冲突的背后是医学传统与医学近代化的冲突,即日本精英阶层与平民阶层的冲突、“吾爱吾师”和“吾更爱真理”的冲突、派系斗争和学术争论的冲突。在考察这些冲突时,不能仅强调封建等级观念在日本医学中的残余,更重要的是要看到“科学求真”逐渐成为事实评判标准的转变。日本医学近代化本质上就是从义气之争走向学理之辩的过程。In the 19th and 20th centuries,German medicine made indelible contributions to the development of modern Japanese medicine,but there was also a state of opposition and tension within German medicine in Japan.Both Ogata Masanori and Kitasato Shibasaburo studied German medicine,but they were separated into two factions due to differences in class,concept,and teacher inheritance.Their academic debates are mixed with many loyalty factors.Fundamentally,the conflict between Ogata and Kitasato is a conflict between medical tradition and the modernization of medicine:Japanese elite vs.the civilian class,"I love my teacher"vs."I love the truth more",factional struggles vs.academic disputes.It is not only necessary to emphasize the remnants of Feudalism in Japanese medicine,but more important to note the shift to the concept of"scientific truth-seeking".The modernization of Japanese medicine is essentially the process of moving from the spice of loyalty to reasoned debate.

关 键 词：日本医学近代化 绪方正规 北里柴三郎 义气之争 学理之辩 

分 类 号：N09[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]