秦法“真-夏”身分秩序与臣邦统属关系——兼析刘敬“和亲”策略中的“风谕以礼节”  

The“Zhen-Xia”Identity Order in Qin Law and the Vassal States Subordination--A concurrent analysis of the“admonishing with etiquette”approach included in Liu Jing’s strategy of“making peace by marriage”

作　　者：王一义 WANG Yi-yi(School of Law,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084)

机构地区：[1]清华大学法学院,北京100084

出　　处：《湘潭大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第4期165-171,共7页Journal of Xiangtan University:Philosophy And Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“清朝经营西北边疆成败得失研究”(20AFX006)。

摘　　要：三代以来,华夏形成了以婚姻方式缔结与异姓国家政治统属关系的传统。身居西戎的秦人也受到这种观念的影响,并在经营巴蜀等臣邦的过程中采取了类似做法,通过塑造“真”与“夏”的身分秩序实现化夷为秦的目标。后来,刘敬也基于此种观念提出和亲匈奴。他十分清楚汉匈在政治制度和社会文化上的差异,所以格外强调对匈奴“风谕以礼节”,使之树立政治统属关系与宗法等级秩序同构的观念。长时段看,秦法中“真夏”的身分构建与刘敬的和亲政策都源于华夏文化中的“亲亲”“尊尊”意识,又是在新形势下对这一意识的创新性实践。特别是后者不仅在促使匈奴进入华夏天下秩序的过程中发挥了重要作用,也成为后世王朝处理边疆问题的新范式。Since the time of Three Dynasties,the Huaxia(Han Chinese)had formed a tradition of establishing political subordination with vassal alien states through matrimonial alliance.The Qin people,who resided in Xirong(Western barbarian area),were also influenced by this concept.In their administration of Bashu and other vassal states,they adopted similar practices,aiming to achieve the goal of civilizing the barbarians into Qin by shaping the identity order of“Zhen”(meaning the genuine or authentic)and“Xia”(the civilized),Later,also based on this concept,Liu Jing,proposed a strategy of making peace through marital alliance with the Hun people.He was fully aware of the differences in political systems and social cultures between the Han and the Hun,so he particularly emphasized the need“to counsel or enlighten the Hun with euphemism and etiquette”in order to instill in them the concept of political subordination and patrilineal hierarchical order.Seen over the long term,the construction of“Zhen-Xia”identities in Qin law and Liu Jing’s policy of marriage alliance both originated from the Huaxia cultural awareness of“affection for kin”and“reverence for the dignified”and represented innovative practices of these values under new circumstances.Particularly remarkable,Liu Jing’s approach not only played a crucial role in integrating the Hun into the Huaxia world order but also became a new model for subsequent dynasties in dealing with border issues.

关 键 词：“真-夏”身分 臣邦统属 和亲 风谕以礼节 

分 类 号：D691[政治法律—政治学] K233[政治法律—中外政治制度]