“敁敠”考辨  

A Study on“Dianduo(敁敠)”

作　　者：刘梦晰 李灼 Liu Mengxi;Li Zhuo(College of Literature,Jilin Normal University,Siping 136000;Principal’s Office,Jilin Normal University,Siping 136000,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林师范大学文学院,吉林四平136000 [2]吉林师范大学校长办公室,吉林四平136000

出　　处：《现代语文》2024年第6期51-56,共6页Modern Chinese

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“大型语文辞书编纂与修订研究”(17AYY018);吉林师范大学2023年度校级教学研究课题“国际中文教育视域下《古代汉语》人才培养模式构建”。

摘　　要：综合运用文献学、文字学、训诂学等相关知识,对“敁敠”的本字、词义、书写形式进行考辨。它最早出自郭象《庄子注》,意思是“玷(拈)而捶(揣)之”。本字当作“拈揣”,后世更换形符及声符而形成“敁敠”,表示“用手称量”义,引申为“心中斟酌、考虑”。由于其本义属手部行为而写作“敁掇”“敁挆”“拈敠”“拈掇”“掂掇”等;又因各地方言不同,形随音变,遂产生“点掇”“掂对”“掂兑”“掂夺”等写法。同时,“掂掇”等词语中的后字“掇/挆/对”,本有实义,并非词缀;“敁敠”也不是联绵词,而是并列式合成词。Comprehensively apply relevant knowledge such as philology,philology,and exegesis to examine and distinguish the original character,meaning,and writing form of“dianduo(敁敠)”.It first came from Guo Xiang’s ZhuangziZhu(《庄子注》),meaning“to pick and pound”.This character is used as“diandu(o拈揣)”,and later replaced its form and sound symbols to form“diandu(o敁敠)”,which means“weighing with hands”and is extended to“weighing and considering in the heart”.Due to its original meaning being a manual action,it is written as“dianduo(敁掇)”,“dianduo(敁挆)”,“dianduo(拈敠)”,“dianduo(拈掇)”,“dianduo(掂掇)”,etc.Due to the different dialects in various regions,the form changes with the sound,resulting in writing styles such as“dianduo(点掇)”,“diandui(掂对)”,“diandui(掂兑)”,and“dianduo(掂夺)”.At the same time,the suffix“duo(掇/挆/对)”in words such as“dianduo(掂掇)”has a literal meaning and is not a affix.“Dianduo(敁敠)”is not a compound word,but a compound word in parallel.

关 键 词：“敁敠” “掂掇” 本字 词形 考辨 

分 类 号：H12[语言文字—汉语] H13