长江河口海域重叠区域典型用海用岛遥感变化监测及管理策略  

Remote sensing change monitoring and management strategy of typical sea and island usage in the overlapping area of Yangtze River estuary

作　　者：付弘涛 秦平 齐安翔 张昊睿 FU Hongtao;QIN Ping;QI Anxiang;ZHANG Haorui(East China Sea Forecast Center,Ministry of Natural Resources,Shanghai 200136,China;East China Sea Ecology Center,Ministry of Natural Resources,Shanghai 201206,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部东海预报减灾中心,上海200136 [2]自然资源部东海生态中心,上海201206

出　　处：《海洋信息技术与应用》2024年第3期164-171,共8页JOURNAL OF MARINE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATION

基　　金：自然资源部东海局青年科学基金(202107)。

摘　　要：长江河口海域重叠区域作为长三角一体化发展战略及资源环境承载核心区,近些年用海用岛监管面临巨大挑战,为促进河口海域资源合理高效保护和利用,掌握用海用岛现状,依托该区域2020-2021年典型用海用岛遥感动态监测项目实践,本文采用长江河口海域重叠区域2020-2021年“15天一覆盖”的国产高分辨遥感影像,通过对海岸线修测成果、所在海洋功能区矢量叠加,结合现场踏勘摸清了长江河口海域重叠区域典型遥感解译标志、用海用岛类型、面积及分布特点,分析了各类型年内、年际变化趋势,提出河海共管策略,为地方政府陆海统筹、河海联动提供科学依据。结果分析表明,上海崇明区、浦东新区、奉贤区沿岸用海用岛情况较为频繁;用海用岛类型主要集中在港口、农业围垦、保留、休闲旅游、保护区等海洋功能区;主要用海类型依次为填海、构筑物、围海等,且用海用岛面积与典型用海用岛数量成正比。部分违法用海用岛区域进行了恢复性工程,用海用岛年际数量呈明显下降趋势,在每年第三、四季度用海用岛数量均呈现上升趋势,累计面积出现峰值。最后根据河口海域典型用海用岛情况,提出了管理与保护策略。As the centeral area of the integrated development strategy and resource and environmental carrying capacity in the Yangtze River Estuary,the overlapping region of the Yangtze River Estuary has faced significant challenges in supervising the use of sea and islands in recent years.To promote the rational and efficient protection and utilization of resources in the estuary,and to grasp the current situation of sea and island use,this study relies on the practice of typical remote sensing dynamic monitoring projects for sea and island use from 2020 to 2021 in this region.It utilizes high-resolution domestic remote sensing images with"15-day coverage"of the overlapping region of the Yangtze River Estuary from 2020 to 2021.By revising the coastline survey results,overlaying the vector of marine functional areas,and combining with field surveys,this paper identifies typical remote sensing interpretation markers,types,areas,and distribution characteristics of sea and island use in the overlapping region of the Yangtze River Estuary.The trends of annual and inter-annual changes of various types were analyzed,and a strategy of river-sea joint management was proposed,providing a scientific basis for local governments to coordinate land and sea and promote river-sea linkage.The analysis of the results indicates that the use of sea and islands along the coasts of Chongming District,Pudong New Area,and Fengxian District in Shanghai is relatively frequent.The types of sea and island use are mainly concentrated in marine functional areas such as ports,agricultural reclamation,preservation,leisure tourism and protected areas.The main types of sea use are sea filling,structures and sea enclosure,etc.,and the area of sea and island use is proportional to the number of typical sea and island uses.Some illegal sea and island uses have undergone restorative projects,and the use of sea and islands shows a significant downward trend between years.The use of sea and islands exhibits an upward trend in the third and fourth quarter of eac

关 键 词：长江河口海域 用海用岛 遥感 分布特点 变化趋势 管理策略 

分 类 号：P741[天文地球—海洋科学] TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]