调水影响下湖泊流域水资源多尺度演变与安全调控  

Multi-scale evolution and safety regulation of water resources in lake watershed under water diversion influence

作　　者：王宗志[1] 白莹 杜慧华 刘克琳[1] 程亮[1] 王坤 王文琪 Wang Zongzhi;Bai Ying;Du Huihua;Liu Kelin;Cheng Liang;Wang Kun;Wang Wenqi

机构地区：[1]南京水利科学研究院水旱灾害防御全国重点实验室,南京210029

出　　处：《中国水利》2024年第13期27-33,共7页China Water Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U2240223、52109027、52379016);江苏省水利科技项目(2023025)。

摘　　要：针对大规模调水输入等强烈人类活动影响下的湖泊流域水文循环剧烈变化威胁湖泊流域水安全的问题,开展了“调水输入影响下湖泊流域水资源多尺度演变与安全调控关键技术”研究。主要内容包括:进行典型湖泊及其主要入湖河流水量、水质、水生态多要素同步监测,揭示了胁迫湖泊流域水资源安全的关键因子,阐明下垫面变化下水文水动力多要素耦合机制,辨识了多水源交互作用下湖泊水质和蓝藻的响应关系,提出了水资源水环境水生态协调的控制阈值与实现条件;创新了水资源-经济社会-生态环境互馈模拟技术、水资源供用耗排补全过程模拟技术、大型复杂水体“0-1”结构洪水演进模拟技术、河网洪水行为模拟技术,研发了湖泊流域水资源多尺度模拟调控模型,突破了多过程耦合、尺度相容、非均匀性协调等模型构建的难题。依托成果创建了湖泊流域水资源安全智慧管控平台,在国家、流域、省、市不同层级的防洪、排涝与水资源管理中实现了体系化应用,为南四湖、太湖、巢湖等多个湖泊流域管理与多项重大工程的建设和规划编制、河湖管理科技进步提供了支撑。In response to the severe changes in hydrological cycles in lake watersheds caused by large-scale water diversion and other intense human activities,which threaten water security,this study investigates“key technologies for multi-scale evolution and safety regulation of water resources in lake watershed under water diversion influence”.The research includes synchronous monitoring of multiple factors such as water quantity,water quality,and aquatic ecology in typical lakes and their major inflowing rivers.It identifies critical factors endangering water resources security,elucidates the coupled hydrodynamic mechanisms under underlying surface changes,and explores the response relationships between water quality and blue-green algae under interactions of multiple water sources.The study proposes control thresholds and implementation conditions for coordinated regulation of water resources,water environment,and aquatic ecology.Innovative simulation technologies developed include water resources-economy society-ecology feedback simulation,water resources supply-demand-consumption-discharge replenishment process simulation,large complex water body“0-1”structure flood evolution simulation technology,and river network flood behavior simulation technology.The research has led to the development of multi-scale simulation and control models for lake watershed water resources,overcoming challenges in multi-process coupling,scale compatibility,and non-uniform coordination in model construction.Based on these achievements,a smart control platform for lake watershed water resources security has been established,facilitating systematic applications in flood control,drainage,and water resource management at national,basin,provincial,and municipal levels.This supports the planning and implementation of major projects in several lake basins including the Nansi Lake,the Taihu Lake,and the Chaohu Lake,and advances in river-lake management technology.

关 键 词：湖泊流域 调水影响 南四湖 水资源调控 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]