支气管扩张合并肺部感染患者痰培养物病原菌构成及药敏分析  

Pathogen Composition and Drug Sensitivity Analysis of Sputum Culture in Patients with Bronchiectasis and Pulmonary Infection

作　　者：张艳红 ZHANG Yanhong(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Xuchang Hospital,Xuchang 461000,China)

机构地区：[1]许昌医院检验科,河南许昌461000

出　　处：《河南医学研究》2024年第15期2761-2764,共4页Henan Medical Research

摘　　要：目的分析支气管扩张合并肺部感染患者痰培养物病原菌构成及药敏情况。方法选取许昌医院2021年2月至2023年2月收治的98例支气管扩张合并肺部感染患者,进行痰标本培养和病原菌分离鉴定,采用纸片扩散法进行药敏试验分析。结果98例患者痰培养物共分离103株病原菌,其中革兰阴性菌75株(72.82%),革兰阳性菌25株(24.27%),真菌3株(2.91%)。革兰阴性菌中铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌分布最广,铜绿假单胞菌对阿米卡星、妥布霉素、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦敏感率较高,对左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、亚胺培南耐药率较高。大肠埃希菌对亚胺培南、阿米卡星、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦敏感率较高,对头孢曲松、环丙沙星、头孢噻肟耐药率较高;肺炎克雷伯菌对亚胺培南、阿米卡星、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦敏感率较高,对头孢噻肟、头孢曲松、头孢他啶耐药率较高。革兰阳性菌中金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、肺炎链球菌分布最广,金黄色葡萄球菌对万古霉素、利福平、四环素敏感率较高,对青霉素、红霉素、头孢呋辛耐药率较高;肺炎链球菌对万古霉素、利福平、阿米卡星敏感率较高,对青霉素、环丙沙星、红霉素耐药率较高;表皮葡萄球菌对万古霉素、利福平、青霉素敏感率较高,对红霉素、四环素、头孢呋辛耐药率较高。结论支气管扩张合并肺部感染患者痰培养物主要病原菌为革兰阴性菌,不同病原菌药敏分析结果差异较大,临床应根据药敏结果合理应用抗菌药物。Objective To analyze the composition and drug sensitivity of pathogenic bacteria in sputum cultures of patients with bronchiectasis and pulmonary infection.Methods There were 98 patients with bronchiectasis and pulmonary infection in Xuchang Hospital from February 2021 to February 2023 were selected for sputum culture,pathogen isolation and identification,and drug sensitivity test was conducted by disk diffusion method.Results A total of 103 pathogenic bacteria were isolated from sputum cultures of 98 patients,including 75 Gram negative bacteria(72.82%),25 Gram positive bacteria(24.27%),and 3 fungi(2.91%).Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most widely distributed in Gram-negative bacteria.Pseudomonas aeruginosa had higher sensitivity to amikacin,tobramycin and piperacillin/tazobactam,and higher resistance to levofloxacin,ciprofloxacin and imipenem.The sensitive rates of Escherichia coli to imipenem,amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam were higher,and the resistance rates to ceftriaxone,ciprofloxacin and cefotaxime were higher.The sensitivity rates of Klebsiella pneumoniae to imipenem,amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam were higher,and the resistance rates to cefotaxime,ceftriaxone and ceftazidime were higher.Staphylococcus aureus,Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae were the most widely distributed in Gram-positive bacteria.Staphylococcus aureus had higher sensitivity to vancomycin,rifampicin and tetracycline,and higher resistance to penicillin,erythromycin and cefuroxime.Streptococcus pneumoniae had high sensitivity to vancomycin,rifampicin and amikacin,and high resistance to penicillin,ciprofloxacin and erythromycin.Staphylococcus epidermidis had high sensitivity to vancomycin,rifampicin and penicillin,and high resistance to erythromycin,tetracycline and cefuroxime.Conclusion The main pathogenic bacteria in sputum cultures of patients with bronchiectasis and pulmonary infection are Gram negative bacteria,and the results of drug sensitivity analysis of

关 键 词：支气管扩张 肺部感染 病原菌 耐药分析 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]