自然意象与元历史:唐代的怀古诗  

Natural Images and Meta-history:Nostalgic Poetry in the Tang Dynasty

作　　者：杨小滨 Yang Xiaobin(Institute of Chinese Literature and Philosophy,Academia Sinica,Taibei,China)

机构地区：[1]台湾“中研院”文哲所,中国台北

出　　处：《复旦学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期105-111,共7页Fudan Journal（Social Sciences）

摘　　要：在怀古诗中,自然景观或古迹所唤起的过去被认为是一种奢侈而短暂的形象,而自然被表现为荒凉的,却是抹去历史的恒久力量。自然力量对人类历史的磨灭成为怀古诗的核心主题。这样的元历史视野可以追溯到老子、庄子的自然观,而与孔子的自然观有着情感指向上的微妙差异。怀古诗聚焦于自然力量对人类历史的征服,故而历史意象和自然意象的二分法形成了原初的寓言结构。从李白的怀古诗中,我们可以看到道家自然观的基本构成,这样的观念在刘禹锡、杜牧等重要的怀古诗人的作品中也有显著呈现。在一定程度上,怀古诗学触及了历史的废墟样态,呼应了本雅明对历史闪回的敏锐捕捉。但基于道家传统的怀古诗学并不指向救赎,因为自然所代表的道已经替代了未来的乌托邦。In nostalgie poetry,the past evoked by natural landscapes or monurments is considered a glorious yet fleeting image,while nature is represented as a desolate but permanent power that eruses history.The erasure of human history by natural forces has become the core theme of nostalgie poetry.This kind of mela-historieal vision can be traced back to the views of nature of Laozi and Zhuangzi,and there are su btle differences in emotional dimension from Confueius's view of nature.Nostalgie poetry focuses on the conquest of human history by natural forces,s0 the dichotomy between historical images and natural images forms the original algorical structure.Frorm Li Bai's nostalgie poems,we can see the basic compoition of the Taoist view of nature.This concept is also prominenly displayed in the works of important nostalgie poets such as liu Yuxi and Du Mu.To a certain extent,nostalgie poetics touches on the ruins of history,echoing W alter Benjamin's acute capture of historical flashbacks.But the nostalgic poetics based on the Taoist tradition does not point to redemption,because the Tao represented by nature has replaced the utopia of the future.

关 键 词：怀古诗 自然 元历史 儒道思想 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学] K242[历史地理—历史学]