养老机构老年人吞咽障碍影响因素的meta分析  

Influencing factors of dysphagia in the elderly in nursing home:a meta-analysis

作　　者：夏燕 夏杰琼[1] 郭洪花[1] 赵子冉 李文 张彩虹[1] XIA Yan;XIA Jieqiong;GUO Honghua;ZHAO Ziran;LI Wen;ZHANG Caihong(International School of Nursing,Hainan Medical University,Haikou,Hainan 571199,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]海南医学院国际护理学院,海南海口571199 [2]海南省托老院养护区,海南海口570311

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2024年第8期1287-1291,共5页Chinese Journal of General Practice

基　　金：海南省基础与应用基础研究计划(省自然科学基金)项目(820RC779);海南省卫生健康行业科研项目(21A200061);海南医学院研究生创新课题(HYYS2021B05)。

摘　　要：目的系统评价养老机构老年人发生吞咽障碍的影响因素,为实施针对性干预提供参考。方法计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、The Cochrane Library、Ovid、Embase、CNKI、CBM、WanFang Data以及维普网(VIP)数据库关于养老机构老年人吞咽障碍影响因素的研究,检索时限为建库至2023年3月。2名研究者按照纳入排除标准独立完成文献筛选、数据提取及质量评价,结局指标为养老机构老年人发生吞咽障碍的影响因素(包括其OR值及95%CI)。使用RevMan 5.3软件进行meta分析。结果共纳入12篇文献,包括32890例研究对象。Meta分析结果显示:高龄(P=0.010)、进食时间长(P<0.001)、进食量少(P=0.007)、协助进食(P<0.001)、中重度认知障碍(P<0.001)、脑血管疾病(P=0.040)、心血管疾病(P<0.001)、肺炎病史(P<0.001)、牙齿缺失(P<0.001)、咀嚼困难(P=0.020)和重度依赖(P<0.001)共11个因素为养老机构老年人吞咽障碍的危险因素。结论养老机构老年人发生吞咽障碍的危险因素较多,养老机构工作人员应全面评估老年人的吞咽障碍风险。Objective To systematically evaluate the influencing factors of dysphagia in the elderly in nursing home and provide reference for targeted interventions.Methods Studies on influencing factors of dysphagia among the elderly in nursing home were searched from PubMed,Web of Science,the Cochrane Library,Ovid,Embase,CBM,CNKI,VIP and WanFang Database.The retrieval time was from inception to March 2023.Two researchers screened literature by following the inclusion and exclusion criteria independently,extracted data and evaluated the quality of literature.The influencing factors(including OR value and 95%CI)of dysphagia in the elderly in nursing home were outcome indicators.RevMan 5.3 software was used to conduct meta-analysis.Results The results included a total of 12 studies,including 32890 study subjects.The meta-analysis results showed that advanced age(P=0.010),eating time(long,P<0.001),food take(less,P=0.007),assisted eating(P<0.001),moderate to severe cognitive dysfunction(P<0.001),cerebrovascular disease(P=0.040),cardiovascular disease(P<0.001),history of pneumonia(P<0.001),tooth loss(P<0.001),chewing difficulties(P=0.020),and severe dependence(P<0.001)were all risk factors for dysphagia in the elderly in nursing homes.Conclusion There are many risk factors for dysphagia among the elderly in nursing homes,and the staff of nursing homes should comprehensively assess the risk of dysphagia among the elderly.

关 键 词：老年人 养老机构 吞咽障碍 影响因素 META分析 

分 类 号：R592[医药卫生—老年医学] R197.7[医药卫生—内科学]