光伏组件技术进步的“干中学”与“研中学”效应研究  

Study on the“learning by doing”and“learning by researching”effects of technological progress of photovoltaic module

作　　者：袁潮清[1] 董鸿源 YUAN Chaoqing;DONG Hongyuan(College of Economics and Management,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学经济与管理学院,江苏南京211106

出　　处：《中国软科学》2024年第7期49-58,共10页China Soft Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(72374102);教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金一般项目(21YJA630110)。

摘　　要：光伏产业是我国具有全球竞争优势的战略性新兴产业,推动其高质量发展是实现“3060”双碳目标的重要手段之一。采用双因素学习曲线模型,参照索罗余值法测度从2015—2020年光伏组件技术进步的“干中学”效应和“研中学”效应。其中,由“干中学”效应导致的光伏组件成本下降约为0.85元/瓦,贡献率为42.40%;由“研中学”效应导致的成本下降约为1.07元/瓦,贡献率为57.60%。进一步对光伏组件“干中学”效应和“研中学”效应的驱动因素进行研究。“干中学”效应方面,从供给侧和需求侧两个维度采用文献分析法讨论了驱动光伏组件产量增加的因素;“研中学”效应方面,采用知识生产函数分析研发资本投入和人力投入对光伏组件技术进步速度的影响。结果表明,光伏组件研发资本投入存在边际报酬递减的现象,而研发人力投入的边际报酬是递增的。在此基础上,分析研究结果的政策启示。The photovoltaic industry is a strategic emerging industry with international competitive advantages in China,and promoting its high-quality development is one of the important means to achieve the“3060”dual carbon goals.This article uses a two factor learning curve model and refers to the Solow residual method to measure the“learning by doing”and“learning by studying”effects of photovoltaic module technological progress from 2015 to 2020.The cost reduction of photovoltaic modules caused by the“learning by doing”effect is about 0.85 RMB/Watt,with a contribution of 42.40%;That caused by the“learning by researching”effect is 1.07 RMB/Watt,with a contribution of 57.60%.In further the driving factors of the“learning by doing”and“learning by researching”effects in the photovoltaic module are analyzed.In terms of the“learning by doing”effect,the factors driving the increase in production of the photovoltaic modules were discussed by using literature analysis method from two dimensions:supply side and demand side;In terms of the“learning by researching”effect,the knowledge production function is used to analyze the impact of two direct factors,R&D capital investment and human investment,on the technical progress rate of the photovoltaic modules.The results indicate that there is a phenomenon of diminishing marginal returns in photovoltaic module R&D capital investment,while the marginal returns in R&D manpower investment increase.On this basis,the policy implications of the research results were analyzed.

关 键 词：技术进步 干中学 研中学 光伏组件 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]