严寒和寒冷地区被动房负荷特性及空调系统优化  

Load and Optimization of Air Conditioning System of Passive Buildings in Severe Cold and Cold Zones

作　　者：李高超 顾文波 阿热帕提·西尔买买提 LI Gaochao;GU Wenbo;Arepati Xi'ermaimaiti(School of Electrical Engineering,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830017,China;Engineering Research Center of Northwest Energy Carbon Neutrality,Ministry of Education,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830017,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学电气工程学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830017 [2]新疆大学西北能源碳中和教育部工程研究中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830017

出　　处：《绿色建筑》2024年第4期117-124,共8页Green Building

摘　　要：被动式超低能耗建筑具备优异的气密性和高保温特性,可以显著降低我国冬季采暖能耗,具有很大的节能优势。借助DeST建立办公建筑模型,以乌鲁木齐市和北京市为典型城市,对基准建筑与被动式建筑进行模拟,分析被动式建筑在寒区的节能潜力,并对建筑围护结构热参数进行敏感性分析,探讨了不同传热系数的外墙和外窗及不同气密性对严寒地区建筑负荷的影响。此外,还对乌鲁木齐市被动式建筑空调冷热源方案进行优化设计。结果表明,从乌鲁木齐市到北京市,被动式建筑采暖季节能率逐渐增大,对于乌鲁木齐市中小型被动式办公建筑而言,采用VRF多联机系统总能耗更低,但螺杆式电制冷机结合空气源热泵更经济。研究结果对严寒和寒冷地区新建被动式超低能耗办公建筑的实施具有参考价值。Passive ultra-low energy buildings can significantly reduce heating energy consumption because of their excellent air tightness and high insulation characteristics,which has great energy-saving advantages.This paper establishes an office building model with DeST.Taking Urumqi and Beijing as typical cities,this paper simulates benchmark building and passive building and analyzes the energy saving potential of passive building in cold regions,developing the thermal parameters sensitivity of building envelope.The influence of external walls and windows of different heat transfer coefficients and different airtightness on building load in cold region is discussed quantitatively.In addition,the optimization design of air conditioning cold and heat source scheme in Urumqi is carried out.The results show that from Urumqi to Beijing,the heating energy-saving rate of passive buildings increases gradually.For small and medium-sized passive office buildings in Urumqi,the total energy consumption of a variable refrigerant flow air conditioning system is lower,but the screw electric refrigerating machine combined with air source heat pump is more economical.This study has a reference value for the implementation of new passive ultra-low energy office buildings in severe cold and cold regions.

关 键 词：被动式超低能耗建筑 负荷 自然采光 优化设计 DeST 

分 类 号：TU201.5[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]