分类政策下垃圾焚烧碳排放核算及减排建议——以上海市某焚烧厂为例  

Carbon Emission Accounting and Emission Reduction Suggestions for Waste Incineration under the Classification Policy--An Example of an Incineration Plant in Shanghai

作　　者：印健翔 郑玲芳 Yin Jianxiang;Zheng Lingfang(Shanghai Jianke Environmental Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]上海建科环境技术有限公司,上海200032

出　　处：《绿色建筑》2024年第4期169-179,199,共12页Green Building

摘　　要：基于上海市某垃圾焚烧厂入炉垃圾的实际监测数据,核算不同垃圾分类程度下焚烧发电各环节碳排放,由此探讨垃圾分类政策下,垃圾组分和性质变化及其对碳排放影响。研究结果表明:分类后,入炉垃圾中厨余类垃圾占比降低,橡塑类垃圾占比和低位发热量均升高。随着分类程度提高,单位质量垃圾矿物碳焚烧排放升高,发电替代排放增加,总碳排放提升,仅低分类情景相较分类前净排放降低。采用主流方法核算,该焚烧厂碳排放总量、单位质量垃圾碳排放强度、单位质量矿物碳排放强度均随分类程度提升而升高。基于研究结果,在分离厨余类垃圾的基础上提出提升焚烧技术、筛选橡塑类垃圾并选择合适的再利用方式、预处理去除水分和有机质等建议,以期提高垃圾焚烧效率,进一步实现碳减排。Based on the actual monitoring data of incoming waste from an incineration plant in Shanghai,carbon emissions from incineration and power generation are accounted under different classification levels,thus exploring the impact of waste classification policy on waste components,properties and carbon emissions.The results of the study show that the proportion of food waste in the incoming waste decreased,and the proportion of rubber and plastic waste and lower heating value increased after classification.As the classification level increased,the mineral carbon incineration emission per unit mass of waste rose,while the power generation substitution emission increased,with the total carbon emissions elevated.Only the low-level classification scenario resulted in lower net emission compared to the pre-classification scenario.Using mainstream accounting methods,it was found that the total carbon emissions,emission intensity per unit mass of waste,and emission intensity per unit mass of mineral carbon in this incineration plant all increased with the degree of classification.Based on the study results,recommendations were made based on the separation of food waste,such as improving incineration technologies,screening and selecting appropriate reuse methods for rubber and plastic,and pretreating to remove moisture and organic matter prior to incineration,with the purpose of improving the efficiency of waste incineration and further realizing the carbon emission reduction.

关 键 词：垃圾分类 焚烧发电 碳排放 垃圾组分 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]