降雨集流渗灌条件下红梅杏根系分布研究  

Root Distribution of Red Plum Apricot Under Rainfall Catchment Percolation Irrigation

作　　者：田娇 张维江[1] 冯娜 黄艳 马轶[1] 马波[1] TIAN Jiao;ZHANG Wei-jiang;FENG Na;HUANG Yan;MA Yi;MA Bo(College of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,银川750021

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2024年第8期124-130,共7页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重大(重点)项目(2023BEG02054)。

摘　　要：为了明确降雨集流渗灌技术在宁南山区红梅杏种植中解决缺水问题的实际效果,以5年生红梅杏果树为研究对象,设置自然条件(NAT)和覆膜安装渗灌器(RCII)两种处理,采用分层分段挖掘法挖掘根系,并对比分析根长密度分布。结果表明:通过降雨集流渗灌技术所集蓄的水量可以促进红梅杏根系更好的生长,解决缺水问题。在RCII条件下,在地表以下0~100 cm内,根长密度随深度的增加而减少。此外,在RCII条件下,沿行距方向和45°方向的根长密度的对比,证明了渗灌器集流对根系进行水分补充的有效性。通过对行距、株距、深度、根长密度进行偏相关分析和多独立样本非参数检验,发现行距(安装渗灌器)、株距(未安装渗灌器)对根长密度在水平方向的分布并未产生明显区别(显著性P>0.05);地下深度60~80 cm是影响根长密度分布的关键区间。综上,降雨集流渗灌技术对解决宁南山区红梅杏旱地种植过程中的缺水问题具有积极作用,具有较好的推广前景。To clarify the practical effect of rainfall-collecting infiltration irrigation technology in solving the water shortage problem in red plum apricot planting in the Ningnan mountainous area,this study took five-year old red plum apricot fruit trees as the research object.Two treatments of natural conditions(NAT)and membrane-covered installation of soakaway(RCII)wrer set up.The root system was excavated by using the method of hierarchical section digging,and the distribution of the density of the root length was comparatively analyzed.The results showed that the water collected by rainfall-collecting infiltration technique could promote better growth of red plum almond root system and solve the water shortage problem.Under RCII conditions,root length density decreased with increasing depth within 0~100 cm below the surface.In addition,the comparison of root length density along the direction of row spacing and 45-degree direction under RCII conditions proved the effectiveness of water replenishment to the root system by percolator catchment.Through partial correlation analysis and nonparametric test of multiple independent samples for row spacing,plant spacing,depth,and root length density,we have found that the direction of row spacing(installing percolator)and plant spacing(without installing percolator)did not demonstrate a significant difference in the distribution of root length density in the horizontal direction(significance P>0.05).The depth of the subsurface,60~80 cm,was the key interval that affected the distribution of root length density.In conclusion,rainfall-collecting seepage irrigation technology has a positive effect on solving the water shortage problem during the dryland planting of Hongmei apricot in Ningnan mountainous area,and it has a better promotion prospect.

关 键 词：吸水根系 降雨集流渗灌 根长密度 根系分布 

分 类 号：S275.9[农业科学—农业水土工程]