故意杀人罪中“手段残忍”情节认定及其对量刑的影响  

The Determination of the Presence of“Cruelty”and Its Impact on Homicide Sentencing

作　　者：辛晏毓 杨钰涵 刘思睿 段帅 黄钰苹 Xin Yanyu;Yang Yuha;Liu Sirui;Duan Shuai;Huang Yuping

机构地区：[1]西南财经大学社会发展研究院,四川成都611130 [2]西南财经大学法学院,四川成都611130 [3]西南财经大学金融学院,四川成都611130 [4]不详

出　　处：《湖湘法学评论》2024年第3期5-22,共18页Huxiang Law Revie

摘　　要：虽然我国法律并未明确规定“手段残忍”在故意杀人罪量刑中的作用,但部分规范与司法解释间接提及了“手段残忍”可能导致从重或加重的量刑结果,且在故意杀人案件的裁判文书中,已发现“手段残忍”被运用在法官说理部分。如何结合刑法理论与实务,分析法官认定手段残忍的测量依据,并检验其在量刑中的作用,成为一个需要进一步探索的问题。本研究以2014—2019年17785份一审刑事判决书为数据基础,通过随机抽样3000份样本,应用多种编码策略,检验了故意杀人犯罪中哪些具体手段残忍情形影响了法官对“手段残忍”的认定,以及已认定的手段残忍与具体手段残忍情形对量刑结果的影响。研究发现,在“手段残忍”的认定上,六类具体情形都与法官认定手段残忍有显著的正相关关系;在量刑层面上,仅有多次侵害、侵害多部位、分尸或毁损尸体以及多被害人对刑期有显著影响;当考虑了法官认定的手段残忍后,多次侵害、多被害人和分尸或毁损尸体依旧具有显著增加刑期的作用。基于以上发现,研究者讨论了潜在的解释与未来研究方向。Although the Chinese Criminal Law does not explicitly specify the role of“cruelty”in homicide sentencing,some regulations and judicial interpretations indirectly suggest that“cruelty”may result in harsher sentencing outcomes.In some sentencing documents of homicide cases,the use of“cruelty”has been noted in the judges’reasoning part.It is necessary to integrate punishment theories with case analysis to explore how judges determine“cruelty”and to assess its impact on criminal sentencing.Based on the data of 17,785 which were the first trial criminal judgments from 2014 to 2019,the current study randomly sampled 3,000 cases and employed various coding strategies to examine which specific types of cruel means influenced judges’determination of“cruelty”,and how these determinations affected sentencing outcomes.The findings reveal that six specific types of cruel means significantly correlate with judges’determinations of“cruelty”.In terms of sentencing outcomes,repeated harm,multiple parts,dismemberment or destruction of the body,and multiple victims significantly affect the length of the sentence.Even after accounting for judges’determinations of“cruelty”,repeated harm,dismemberment or destruction of the body,and multiple victims factors still significantly increase the length of sentence.Based on these findings,the researchers discuss potential explanations and directions for future research.

关 键 词：故意杀人罪 手段残忍 量刑 实证研究 

分 类 号：G254.21[文化科学—图书馆学]