CNC锻床伺服系统三环PSO-PID整定控制机电耦合研究  

Research on Electromechanical Coupling of Three-Ring PSO-PID Setting Control for CNC Forging Machine Servo System

作　　者：王辉[1] 王博 李强 于小艳 WANG Hui;WANG Bo;LI Qiang;YU Xiao-yan(Department of Mechanical Manufacturing,Xinxiang Vocational and Technical College,He’nan Xinxiang 453000,China;Department of Electrical Engineering,Luohe Technician College,He’nan Luohe 462001,China;School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,Henan Polytechnic University,He’nan Jiaozuo 454000,China;Aviation Industry Xinhang Yubei Steering System Co.,Ltd.,He’nan Xinxiang 453000,China)

机构地区：[1]新乡职业技术学院机械制造系,河南新乡453000 [2]漯河技师学院电气工程系,河南漯河462001 [3]河南理工大学机械与动力工程学院,河南焦作454000 [4]航空工业新航豫北转向系统有限公司,河南新乡453000

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2024年第8期96-99,104,共5页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：河南省高等学校重点科研项目计划资助(20B140014)。

摘　　要：数控(CNC)锻冲床进给伺服系统控制性能受到机电系统力、热、磨损的共同影响,在加工过程中会产生动态误差。为全面分析数控锻冲床进给伺服系统动态误差变化,设计了一种精度三环控制系统,建立了传动机电耦合模型,并开展仿真分析。从进给伺服系统实际运行工况区间考虑,分析系统动态误差。研究结果表明:增大工况载荷后,形成了更大惯量比伺服系统,系统获得了更大的超调量,引起响应时间增加。进给伺服系统产生了5.5mm位置偏差,在惯量比4.15下获得了最优定位精度。相比较PID控制,采用PSO-PID方法处理时可以降低误差,获得了最明显的效果。该研究有助于提高数控锻冲床进给伺服系统位置控制精度,为后续的加工质量优化奠定一定的理论基础。The control performance of the feed servo system of CNC forging press is affected by the force,heat and wear of electromechanical system,and dynamic errors will be produced in the machining process.In order to comprehensively analyze the dynamic error variation of CNC forging press feed servo system,a precision three-loop control system is designed,and the electromechanical coupling model of mechanical transmission is established and simulated.Considering the actual operating conditions of the feed servo system,the dynamic error of the system is analyzed.The results show that a larger inertia ratio servo system is formed when the load is increased,and the system obtains a larger overshoot,resulting in an increase in response time.The position deviation of the feed servo system is 5.5mm,and the optimal positioning accuracy is obtained at the inertia ratio of 4.15.Compared with PID control,PSO-PID method can reduce the error and obtain the most obvious effect.The research is helpful to improve the position control accuracy of CNC forging press feed servo system and lay a theoretical foundation for the subsequent machining quality optimization.

关 键 词：进给伺服系统 三环控制 惯量比 定位精度 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]