汽车发动机冷却系统参数匹配性设计分析  

Analysis on Parameter Matching Design of Automobile Engine Cooling System

作　　者：王丹丹 姚鹏飞 田晓光 WANG Dan-dan;YAO Peng-fei;TIAN Xiao-guang(Huanghe Jiaotong University,He’nan Jiaozuo 454950,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河交通学院,河南焦作454950

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2024年第8期294-297,共4页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：河南省科技计划项目(212102210340)。

摘　　要：冷却系统匹配性直接影响到系统的散热效率,进而影响发动机的工作效率和经济性。根据工程车辆发动机冷却系统的结构特点,对冷却风量、散热量、水泵参数及系统匹配进行分析;基于分析情况,对某车型发动机的散热器和风扇参数进行设计,对匹配工作点参数进行分析;应用发动机冷却系统测试平台,对匹配设计参数进行测试,获取额定运行工况下,发动机散热器各进出水口的温度变化情况,以此验证匹配设计的准确性。结果可知:系统阻力随冷却空气流量增加而增大,与风扇特性曲线的交点,即为系统的平衡点,位于风扇曲线的稳定区和高效区。交点对应的空气流量为设计参考值;参数分析得到,车辆设计中标出点的空气流量约为14.1kg/s,静压约为850Pa,效率为36%;冷却系统经过840s,散热器各进出水口达到稳定状态,中冷散热器进出口温度为68.5℃、58.9℃;高温散热器进出口温度为85.5℃、74.9℃,满足发动机的散热需求。结果表明匹配分析的准确性,为此类设计提供参考。The matching of the cooling system directly affects the heat dissipation efficiency of the system,and then affects the efficiency and economy of the engine.According to the structural characteristics of the engine cooling system of engineering vehicles,the cooling air volume,heat dissipation,water pump parameters and system matching were analyzed.Based on the analysis,the radiator and fan parameters of an engine model were designed,and the matching working point parameters were analyzed.The matching design parameters were tested by using the engine cooling system test platform,and the rated operation parameters were obtained.In order to verify the accuracy of the matching design,the temperature changes of the inlet and outlet of the engine radiator were analyzed.The results show that:when the fan works,with the increase of air flow,the system air resistance rises along the system resistance characteristic curve,intersects with the fan curve,and the intersection point is the wind resistance equilibrium point.The air flow corresponding to the intersection point is the design reference value.The parameter analysis shows that the air flow at the marked points in the vehicle design is about 14.1kg/s,and the static pressure is about 850Pa.After 840s,the inlet and outlet temperatures of the intercooling radiator are 68.5℃and 58.9℃,and the inlet and outlet temperatures of the high temperature radiator are 85.5℃and 74.9℃,which meet the heat dissipation requirements of the engine.The results show the accuracy of the matching analysis,which provide a reference for this kind of design.

关 键 词：汽车 发动机 冷却系统 匹配性 模型 试验 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] U469.4[机械工程—车辆工程]