抗除草剂基因及其在作物中的应用研究进展  

Progress in the study of herbicide-resistant genes and their application in crops

作　　者：项星淳 芋鑫鑫 符晶晶 兴旺[1,2] 刘大丽[1,2] XIANG Xingchun;YU Xinxin;FU Jingjing;XING Wang;LIU Dali(National Beet Medium-term Gene Bank,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080,China;Key Laboratory of Sugar Beet Genetics and Breeding,College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]国家甜菜种质中期库/黑龙江大学,哈尔滨150080 [2]黑龙江省普通高等学校甜菜遗传育种重点实验室/黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《植物生理学报》2024年第7期1068-1078,共11页Plant Physiology Journal

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(糖料)建设项目(CARS-170102);甜菜种质资源安全保存项目(19230841);甜菜种质资源精准鉴定项目(19240700);黑龙江省高校科研业务费项目(2022-KYYWF-1070);黑龙江省自然科学基金(LH2023C090);内蒙古自治区“揭榜挂帅”项目(2022JBGS0029)。

摘　　要：杂草是目前农业生产中的重要生物胁迫之一,它的存在严重影响了作物的生长发育及产质量。除草剂是行之有效的控制杂草危害的方法,但目标作物对除草剂的敏感性以及杂草的耐药性大大限制了除草剂的应用。通过现代生物育种方式,利用抗除草剂基因来提高作物对特异或广谱除草剂的抗性是防除田间杂草最为高效精准的方式。本文就作物对除草剂的抗性机制、抗除草剂基因的来源、抗除草剂基因的研究进展及应用进行了综述,为今后抗除草剂作物的培育提供理论参考。Weeds are one of the most important biotic stresses in current agricultural production,and their presence severely affects crop growth,development,yield and quality.Herbicides are effective methods to control weed damage,but the sensitivity of target crops to herbicides and the resistance of weeds greatly limit the application of herbicides.Using herbicide-resistant genes to enhance crop resistance to specific or broad-spectrum herbicides through modern biological breeding is the most efficient and precise way to control weeds in the field.In this paper,the resistance mechanism of crops to herbicides,the sources of herbicide-resistant genes,as well as the research progress and application of herbicide-resistant genes are reviewed to provide theoretical references for the future breeding of herbicide-resistant crops.

关 键 词：作物 抗性机制 抗除草剂基因 除草剂 

分 类 号：S332[农业科学—作物遗传育种]