‘库尔勒香梨’偏斜果果实生长动态变化及与内源激素的关系  

Fruit growth dynamics of lopsided‘Korla fragrant pear'and its relationship with endogenous hormones

作　　者：孙天雨 温玥 田嘉 郝志超 邵白俊杰 郑玲玲 韩雨涛 张峰 SUN Tianyu;WEN Yue;TIAN Jia;HAO Zhichao;SHAO Baijunjie;ZHENG Lingling;HAN Yutao;ZHANG Feng(College of Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;xinjiang Korla Fragrant Pear Research Center,Korla,Xinjiang 841000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学园艺学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆库尔勒市香梨研究中心,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《植物生理学报》2024年第7期1095-1104,共10页Plant Physiology Journal

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2022D01A178);国家自然科学基金(32160686);第二批天山英才培养计划青年托举人才项目(2023TSYCQNTJ0004);新疆维吾尔自治区天山创新团队(2023D14015)。

摘　　要：本研究以‘库尔勒香梨’(Pyrus sinkiangensis)为试验材料,调查偏斜果发生规律与生长动态,比较正常果和偏斜果内源激素含量差异。结果表明:‘库尔勒香梨’在授粉后40~60 d偏斜现象严重,此时斜果日均增长率为0.335%,高于平均水平0.235%;偏斜率在授粉后30~50 d(0.136%)与80~100 d(0.152%)期间为两个增长高峰期。偏斜果大小果面纵径在授粉后140 d相差最大(4.144 mm);横径则在授粉后90 d后差异逐渐增大,并在授粉后140 d相差最大(2.112 mm);偏斜果与正常果果形指数整体变化趋势较为相近且相差较小;单果重在授粉后40 d开始出现明显差异,在授粉后130 d相差最大(6.415 g)。正常果与偏斜果大小果面的内源激素在授粉后40 d达到最大值,此时偏斜果小果面生长素(IAA)和赤霉素(GA_(3))含量分别显著低于大果面和正常果面,其中IAA含量分别相差355与291 ng·g^(-1),GA_(3)含量分别相差67与60 ng·g^(-1);脱落酸(ABA)则相反,即偏斜果小果面ABA含量显著大于大果面与正常果面,分别相差2.011和2.006μg·g^(-1);不同果面间玉米素(ZT)含量相差幅度较小,且在授粉后20~60 d均保持较低水平。In this study,‘Korla fragrant pear'(Pyrus sinkiangensis)was selected as experimental material,the occurrence pattern and growth dynamics of lopsided fruits were investigated,and the difference of en-dogenous hormone contents between normal fruit and lopsided one was compared.The results show that the lopsidedness of‘Korla fragrant pear'was serious at 40-60 d after pollination,and the average daily growth rate of lopsided fruit was 0.335%,which was 0.235%higher than the average level,and the lopsid-ed rate reached two peaks between 30-50 d(0.136%)and 80-100 d(0.152%)after pollination.The differ-ence between the longitudinal diameter of the lopsided fruit size was the largest(4.144 mm)at 140 d after pollination,while the difference in transverse diameter gradually increased after 90 d after pollination,and the difference was the largest(2.112 mm)at 140 d after pollination.The difference of single fruit weight became significant at 40 d after pollination,and the largest difference(6.415 g)was 130 d after pollination.The endogenous hormones of normal fruit and lopsided fruit size reached the maximal value 40 d after pollination,during when the contents of auxin(indole-3-acetic acid,IAA)and gibberellin(GA_(3))of lopsided fruit surface were significantly lower,respectively,than those of large and normal fruit surfaces.The difference of auxin content reached 355 and 291 ng·g^(-1),respectively,and the difference of gibberellin content reached 67 and 60 ng·g^(-1),respectively.On the contrary,the abscisic acid(ABA)content of small fruit surface of lopsided fruit was significantly higher than those of large fruit surface and normal fruit surface,with a difference of 2.011 and 2.006μg.g^(-1),respectively.The difference of the content of zeatin(ZT)between different fruit surfaces was small,and it remained at a low level during 20-60 d after pollination.

关 键 词：‘库尔勒香梨’ 偏斜果 外观品质 内源激素 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]