羧基对聚硫脲介电储能特性的影响研究  

Study on the Eff ect of Carboxyl Groups on the Dielectric Energy Storage Characteristics of Polythiourea

作　　者：冯阳[1] 张硕 渠广昊 Feng Yang;Zhang Shuo;Qu Guanghao(Xi'an Jiaotong University,Shaanxi,710049)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学,陕西710049

出　　处：《当代化工研究》2024年第15期43-45,共3页Modern Chemical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“自组装聚硫脲基嵌段共聚物电介质储能特性界面作用机理与调控方法的研究”(项目编号:52207030);西安交通大学基本科研业务费自由探索与创新-教师类项目“双重非共价物理交联提升聚硫脲基共聚物介电储能特性”(项目编号:xzy012023162)。

摘　　要：引入极性羧基被认为是提高聚合物介电性能的有效方法,但羧基对聚硫脲(Polythiourea,PTU)介电储能特性的影响尚不清楚。本文采用实验和理论相结合的方法,深入开展了羧基、偶极极化和电荷输运特性与PTU电学性能之间的关联研究,揭示了羧基对PTU介电常数和击穿场强的影响机理,最终建立了储能密度与羧基侧链结构的关联机制。结果表明,分子链引入极性羧基作为侧链结构,可以扩大分子链间距,促进羧基转向,进而增强偶极极化强度,增大介电常数;但羧基电离产生的本征氢离子会增大体系的电导和损耗,造成击穿场强降低;在PTU中引入少量羧基可以实现高介电常数、高击穿场强和高储能密度。The introduction of polar carboxyl groups is considered an effective method to improve the dielectric performance of polymers.However,the influence of carboxyl groups on the dielectric energy storage characteristics of polythiourea(PTU)is not clear.Here,a combined experimental and theoretical approach was used to investigate the correlation between carboxyl groups,dipolar polarization,charge transport properties,and electrical performance of PTU.The effects of carboxyl groups on the dielectric constant and breakdown strength were revealed,and a correlation between energy density and carboxyl structure was established.The results show that the introduction of polar carboxyl groups as side chains can enlarge the intermolecular spacing and promote carboxyl group reorientation,thereby increasing the dipolar polarization and dielectric constant.However,the ionization of carboxyl groups generates intrinsic hydrogen ions,which increase the conductivity and losses,leading to a decrease in the breakdown strength.The incorporation of a small amount of carboxyl groups in PTU can achieve high dielectric constant,high breakdown strength and high energy density.

关 键 词：聚硫脲 羧基 偶极极化 电导 介电性能 储能密度 

分 类 号：TQ317[化学工程—高聚物工业]