论环境刑法行政从属性之渐变与脱离趋势  

On the Gradual Change and Disengagement of Administrative Subsidiarity in Environmental Criminal Law

作　　者：周芊妤 Zhou Qianyu

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学刑事法学院,上海200042

出　　处：《河南大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期35-40,153,共7页Journal of Henan University(Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“污染环境犯罪多元治理机制研究”(19ZDA161)阶段性成果;国家社会科学基金重点项目“面向生态文明建设的我国污染环境犯罪治理机制研究”(19AFX008)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：环境刑法是否具有行政从属性这一争议,关乎环境刑法的价值定位和功能实现,解决此争议是环境刑法理论发展的应有之义。从实然层面来看,环境犯罪被认为是法定犯。但即使是法定犯,行政从属性也不能一概而论,各部门法的违法性是相对的,环境刑法并非绝对从属于环境行政法。概观环境刑法法益观的发展轨迹,生态法益具有重要价值,环境刑法的绝对行政从属性不符合生态学人类中心主义法益观,环境行政干预与环境刑事干预具有本质区别。从应然层面来看,自然犯和法定犯的界限会在社会生活中发生变化。随着生态文明的发展,环境犯罪呈现向自然犯向度的发展趋势。在此过程中,环境刑法的行政从属性不断弱化,甚至完全脱离。保持环境刑法的独立性,才能最大化地实现保护整体生态环境法益的最终目标。The controversy over whether environmental criminal law is administratively subordinate is related to the value positioning and function realization of environmental criminal law,and its resolution is a due responsibility for the theoretical development of environmental criminal law.From a practical point of view,environmental crimes are regarded as statutory crimes.But even if it is a legal offense,administrative subordination cannot be generalized,the illegality of each sectoral law is relative,environmental criminal law is not absolutely subordinate to the environmental administrative law.Overview of the development of environmental criminal law benefit concept trajectory,ecological interests have an important value,environmental criminal law of absolute administrative subordination is not in line with the ecological anthropocentric benefit concept,environmental administrative intervention and environmental criminal intervention has the essential difference.From the contingent level,the boundaries between natural and legal offenses will change in social life.With the development of ecological civilization,environmental crimes show a development towards the natural offender direction.In this process,the administrative subordination of environmental criminal law has been weakening or even completely detached.Maintaining the independence of environmental criminal law can maximize the ultimate goal of protecting the overall ecological and environmental legal benefits.

关 键 词：环境刑法 行政从属性 生态学人类中心主义法益观 自然犯 法定犯 

分 类 号：D922.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]