水稻种质资源茎杆抗倒伏性状的评价与分析  

Evaluation and analysis of stem lodging resistance in rice germplasm resources

作　　者：王泓超 凌波 陈小玲 谢展文 张玉婷 李相宜 梁莹莹 程祖锌[1,2] 林荔辉 WANG Hong-chao;LING Bo;CHEN Xao-ling;XIE Zhan-wen;ZHANG Yu-ting;LI Xiang-yi;LIANG Ying-ying;CHENG Zu-xin;LIN Li-hui(Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization,Ministry of Education,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Fujian Engineering Technology Research Center of Breeding and Utilization for Special Crops,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学作物遗传育种与综合利用教育部重点实验室,福州350002 [2]福建省特种作物育种与利用工程技术研究中心,福州350002

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2024年第7期1442-1449,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：福建省科技计划高校产学合作项目(2022N5011);福建省科技厅引导性项目(2023N0005、2022N0005)。

摘　　要：[目的]抗倒伏是当前水稻育种的重要关注性状,评价种质资源抗倒伏特性对培育抗倒品种具有重要意义。[方法]以国内200份种质资源为材料,系统调查9个与水稻抗倒伏相关性状,采用形态学聚类及通径分析,评价上述种质资源抗倒伏性状的育种价值。[结果]以倒伏指数为标准,将供试材料分为高抗倒型、抗倒型和倒伏型3种类型,其中81.5%的种质资源具有较好的抗倒能力。不同抗倒类型种质资源的茎秆物理性状与倒伏指数相关系数存在明显差异。如恢复系等材料的株高、弯曲力矩和基部第2节长与倒伏指数呈极显著正相关,其中弯曲力矩与倒伏指数的相关系数最高,达0.789;而基部抗折力、鞘叶厚度与倒伏指数呈负相关,相关系数分别为-0.754^(**)和-0.659^(**)。不育系的株高和基部第2节长与倒伏指数呈极显著正相关,其中株高与倒伏指数的相关系数达0.681^(**);基部抗折力与倒伏指数相关系数为-0.841^(**)。通径分析表明,恢复系等材料的弯曲力矩对倒伏指数为直接正向效应(Py=0.519),不育系的株高对倒伏指数呈直接正向效应(Py=0.737),双亲基部抗折力对倒伏指数均呈直接负向效应,直接通径系数分别为-0.331和-0.702。[结论]水稻抗倒伏性状是一个复合性状,不同种质资源具有不同抗倒特性,科学利用育种资源是水稻抗倒伏育种的关键。[Objective]Rice lodging resistance is an important trait in current rice breeding.The systematic evaluation of lodging resistance of germplasm resources is of great significance for breeding lodging-resistant varieties.[Method]200 germplasm resources in China were taken as materials,9 traits related to lodging resistance of rice were systematically investigated,and the breeding value of these traits was evaluated by morphological clustering and path analysis.[Result]According to the lodging index,the tested materials were divided into three types:high fall-resistant type,fall-resistant type and lodging type,among which 81.5%of breeding resources had good fall-resistant ability.The correlation coefficient between stalk physical traits and lodging index of different lodging resistant germplasm resources was significantly dif-ferent.The plant height,bending moment and second pitch length of restorer were positively correlated with lodging index,and the correla-tion coefficient between bending moment and lodging index d lodging index reached 0.789.The folding resistance of base and sheath leaf thickness were negatively correlated with lodging index,and the correlation coefficients were-0.754**and-0.659**,respectively.There was a significant positive correlation between plant height and basal segment length and lodging index,and the correlation coefficient between plant height and lodging index was O.681^(**),The correlation coefficient between buckling resistance and lodging index was-0.841^(**).The path analysis results showed that the bending moment of the restorer line and other materials had a direct positive effect on the lodging index(Py=0.519),the plant height of the sterile line had a direct positive effect on the lodging index(Py=0.737),and the base bending force of both parents had a direct negative effect on the lodging index,with direct path coefficients of-0.331 and-0.702,respectively.[Conclusion]The lodging resistance of rice is a complex trait,and different germplasm resources have different lodging re

关 键 词：水稻 种质资源 抗倒伏性状 聚类分析 通径分析 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]