广东黑老虎炭疽病病原鉴定、生物学特性及其室内药剂毒力检测  

Pathogen identification of Kadsura coccinea anthracnose and indoor toxicity measurement of fungicides

作　　者：江紫薇 陈选鹏 马恩耀 周劲松 冯冲 陈玉娥 周淑瑶 黄海波[1] JIANG Zi-wei;CHEN Xuan-peng;MA En-yao;ZHOU Jin-song;FENG Chong;CHEN Yu-e;ZHOU Shu-yao;HUANG Hai-bo(College of Chinese Materia Medica,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou 510006,China;Guangzhou Caizhilin Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510360,China;Guangdong Hanchao Traditional Chinese Medicine Technology Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510360,China)

机构地区：[1]广州中医药大学中药学院,广州510006 [2]广州采芝林药业有限公司,广州510360 [3]广东汉潮中药科技有限公司,广州510360

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2024年第7期1504-1512,共9页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云浮市科技计划项目(2021020605);广州市荔湾区科工信局-科技计划项目(202105001);广州市科技项目(202206010165)。

摘　　要：[目的]明确黑老虎炭疽病原菌种类,筛选出适宜的防治药剂,为黑老虎炭疽病的识别和大田防治提供理论依据。[方法]采用组织块分离法对广东省云浮市黑老虎炭疽病原菌进行分离,基于科赫法则确定其致病菌,采用形态学和分子生物学相结合的方法对菌株进行种类鉴定,并采用菌丝生长速率法对其进行生物学测定及不同药剂的室内毒力检测。[结果]通过对病叶分离纯化共获得6种菌株,选取具有代表性的典型菌株A1进行形态鉴定以及ITS序列分析,确定黑老虎炭疽病原菌属炭疽菌属(Colletotrichum sp.)。通过对菌株A1进行生物学测定,明确其最适生长培养基为PDA培养基,最适生长温度28℃,菌株致死条件为53℃水浴处理10 min,菌丝最适宜生长pH为6.0,最适光照条件为连续黑暗(暗24 h),最佳碳源、氮源分别为麦芽糖和酵母粉。同时,在福美双、溴菌腈、多菌灵和嘧菌酯4种供试药剂中,多菌灵的抑菌效果最佳,半数效应浓度(EC50)值为0.14μg/mL;其次是福美双和溴菌腈,EC_(50)值分别为55.26和55.32μg/mL,抑菌效果较好;嘧菌酯的EC_(50)值为791.95μg/mL,EC_(50)值在100~1000μg/mL,抑菌效果不明显。[结论]广东省云浮市黑老虎炭疽病原菌为炭疽菌属。多菌灵、福美双及溴菌腈对黑老虎炭疽病原菌菌丝生长具有较好的抑制作用,可作为黑老虎炭疽病的候选田间防治药剂。[Objective]The study aimed to identify the species of the pathogen of Kadsura coccinea(Lem.)A.C.Smith,screen out suitable fungicides,and provide theoretical basis for the identification and field prevention of the pathogen of K.coccinea.[Method]The pathogen of K.coccinea leaves collected from Yunfu,Guangdong province were isolated by tissue block separation method,which was determined based on Koch's postulates and was identified by morphology and molecular biology.The mycelial growth rate method was used for biological tes-ting,as well as indoor toxicity of different fungicides to K.coccinea.[Result]By isolating and purifying the diseased leaves,a total of 6 strains were obtained.And representative strain Al was selected for morphological identification and ITS sequence analysis.The pathogen of K.coccinea was identified as Colletotrichum sp..Through biological testing of strain Al,it was determined that the most suitable growth me-dium was PDA medium,the most suitable temperature for mycelial growth was 28 C,the lethal temperature was 53 C for 10 minutes,the optimal pH for mycelium growth was 6.0,the optimal lighting conditions were continuous darkness,the optimal carbon and nitrogen sources for this mycelium were maltose and yeast powder.Among the four tested fungicides of thiram,bromoxynil,carbendazim and azoxystrobin,carbendazim had the best inhibitory effect,with an EC_(50) value of 0.14μg/mL.Followed by thiram and bromoxynil,with EC_(50)values of 55.26 and 55.32μg/mL,respectively,indicating that they had better inhibitory that effect.The EC_(50) value of azoxystrobin was 791.95μg/mL,with a range of 100-1000μg/mL,and the antibacterial effect was not significant.[Conclusion]The results show that Colletotri-chum sp.is the pathogen of Kadsura coccinea collected from Yunfu,Guangdong province.Carbendazim,thiram and bromoxynil could be used as candidate field control agents for the pathogen of K.coccinea.

关 键 词：黑老虎 炭疽病 病原菌鉴定 室内毒力检测 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]