松乳菇菌丝生长促生细菌的筛选与鉴定  

Isolation and identification of growth-promoting bacteria of Lactarius deliciosus

作　　者：冯慧 王迪 崔宝凯[3] 彭卫红[2] 李玉 何晓兰[2] FENG Hui;WANG Di;CUI Bao-kai;PENG Wei-hong;LI Yu;HE Xiao-lan(Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;Sichuan Institute of Edible Fungi,Chengdu 610066,China;Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学,长春130118 [2]四川省食用菌研究所,成都610066 [3]北京林业大学,北京100083

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2024年第7期1531-1537,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省食用菌育种攻关项目(2021YFYZ0026);四川省乳菇属真菌菌根化苗木关键技术优化研究(2022ZZCX098)。

摘　　要：[目的]从乳菇(Lactarius sp.)菌柄基部土壤分离并筛选出对松乳菇菌丝生长有促进作用的细菌(MHB),以提高松乳菇菌根苗人工合成效率。[方法]从乳菇菌柄基部土壤分离得到细菌,将纯化后的细菌液体培养离心后获得胞外代谢产物,以添加不同菌株和不同浓度胞外代谢产物的PDA培养基接种松乳菇菌丝块,并以未添加胞外代谢产物PDA平板接种松乳菇菌丝为对照,比较25℃培养30 d后松乳菇菌丝生长的直径大小和菌丝密度;另一方面,基于形态特征和16S rDNA序列鉴定对松乳菇菌丝生长有促进作用的细菌。[结果]共筛选出3株可促进松乳菇菌丝生长的芽胞杆菌属细菌,即菌株L1、L2和L3。当3株菌株的胞外代谢产物添加量为2.5%时,均能显著促进松乳菇菌丝生长,其菌落直径分别增加33.6%、55.6%和75.4%。当3株菌株胞外代谢产物以不同组合等比例混合后,在混合物添加量为5.0%时,L1-L3,L1-L2-L3两个组合显著促进松乳菇菌丝生长,松乳菇菌丝直径分别增加36.9%和42.5%。L3菌株的胞外代谢产物在添加量为2.5%、5.0%和7.5%时均能增加松乳菇菌丝密度,且添加量为7.5%时增加松乳菇菌丝密度效果最佳;L1-L3和L1-L2-L3两个组合也能增加松乳菇菌丝密度。通过对3株菌株形态特征鉴定和16S rDNA序列测定,L1菌株为高山芽孢杆菌(Bacillus altitudinis),L2菌株为蜡样芽胞杆菌(B.cereus),L3菌株为环状芽孢杆菌(B.zanthoxyli)。[结论]筛选出3株可促进松乳菇菌丝生长的芽孢杆菌,其中B.zanthoxyli促进松乳菇菌丝生长效果最好。[Objective]The present paper aimed to improve the ficiency of mycorhizal synthesis between Lactarius deliciosus-Pinus spp.,and to screen potential mycorrhizal helper bacteria(MHB)from the soil at the stipe base of Lactarius sp..[Method]Bacterial strains were i-solated from the soil at the stipe base of Lactarius sp..Extracellular metabolites of the purified bacteria were obtained from the centrifuged liquid culture.L.deliciosus was inoculated on the PDA with different concentrations of extracellular metabolites and the ordinary PDA.The diameter and density of the mycelium after 30 days of inoculation at 25 C were detected.Additionally,the potential MHB was identified based on morphological characteristics and 16S rDNA sequences.[Result]Three strains,L1,L2 and L3,were proved to be potential MHB.When extracellular metabolites of L1,L2 and L3 were added at 2.5%,they could promote the mycelium growth significantly(the colony di-ameter increased by 33.6%,55.6%and 75.4%,respectively).When the extracellular metabolites of three strains were mixed in different combinations,at a mixture addition of 5.0%,the combinations L1-L3 and L1-L2-L3 increased the mycelial diameter by 36.9%and 42.5%,respectively.The extracellular metabolites of L3 increased the mycelium density of L.deliciosus when it was added at 2.5%,5.0%and 7.5%,and the best effect was observed at 7.5%.The combinations of L1-L3 and L1-L2-L3 also improved the mycelium density.Based on morphological characteristic and analysis of 16S rDNA gene sequences,L1,L2 and L3 were identified as Bacllus altitudinsis,B.cereus and B.zanthoxyli,respectively.[Conclusion]B.altitudinsis,B.cereus and B.zanthoxyli are proved to be potential mycorrhizal help-er bacteria,and the best potential MHB is B.zanthoxyli in the study.

关 键 词：菌根促生菌 松乳菇 外生菌根菌 

分 类 号：S646.19[农业科学—蔬菜学]