老年人网络社交现状及其对抑郁症状的影响  

Status of online social interaction and its influence on depressive symptoms in theelderly

作　　者：柴琪 周永召[1] 杨智博 周兆菲 何蕾 高博[4] CHAI Qi;ZHOU Yong-zhao;YANG Zhi-bo;ZHOU Zhao-fei;HE Lei;GAO Bo(Integrated Care Management Center,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医院全程管理中心,四川成都610041 [2]遵义市红花岗区疾病预防控制中心,贵州遵义563000 [3]四川大学华西第二医院,四川成都610041 [4]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2024年第7期579-585,599,共8页Chinese Journal of Health Education

摘　　要：目的探究我国老年人的网络社交现况,并分析网络社交对老年人抑郁症状的影响。方法选取2018年中国健康与养老追踪调查数据中≥60岁老年人抑郁症状和网络社交相关资料,采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析网络社交对老年人抑郁症状的影响,并采用倾向性评分匹配(Propensity Score Matching,PSM)对网络社交的健康效应进行稳健性检验和异质性分析。结果本次调查对象共纳入4994人,网络社交的老年人占总人数的10.69%,有抑郁症状的老年人占比为26.47%。多因素回归结果显示,在控制其他变量的情况下,与无网络社交的老年人相比,有网络社交的老年人出现抑郁症状的可能性更低(OR=0.581,95%CI:0.426~0.793,P<0.05)。1:1匹配分析结果显示,网络社交能改善老年人的抑郁症状(ATT=-0.066,P<0.05)。异质性分析结果显示,网络社交对农村老年人抑郁症状具有改善作用(ATT=-0.083,P<0.05),对城市老年人抑郁症状改善并无统计学意义(ATT=-0.052,P>0.05)。采用1:4匹配(ATT=-0.048,P<0.05)与核匹配(ATT=-0.052,P<0.05)后,网络社交的健康效应结果依然稳健。结论网络社交有利于改善老年人的抑郁症状,且农村居民可能是网络社交健康效应发挥作用的主要人群。政府和企业在社交软件开发的过程中,要重视数字产品适老化改造,兼顾城乡差异,注重数字公平。Objective To understand current status of online social interaction among the elderly in China,and to analyze the impact of online social interaction on depressive symptoms in the elderly.Methods The elderly aged 60 years and above were collected from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2018.Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between online social interaction and depressive symptoms in the elderly.Propensity score matching(PSM)was used to test the robustness and heterogeneity of health effects of online social interaction.Results A total of 4994 partipants were included in this study,10.69%of them had online social interaction and 26.47%of them had depressive symptoms.Multivariate regression analysis showed that elderly with online social interaction were less likely to have depressive symptoms than those without online social interaction(OR=0.581,95%CI 0.426-0.793,P<0.05)after controlling other variables.The results of 1:1 propensity score matching showed that online social interaction could improve the depressive symptoms of the elderly(ATT=-0.066,P<0.05).Heterogeneity analysis showed that online social interaction could improve the depressive symptoms of the rural elderly(ATT=-0.083,P<0.05),but not the urban elderly(ATT=-0.052,P>0.05).The results were still robust after 1:4 matching(ATT=-0.048,P<0.05)and kernel matching(ATT=-0.052,P<0.05).Conclusion Internet social interaction is beneficial to improve depressive symptoms in the elderly,and rural residents may be the main population with the health effects of Internet social interaction.In the process of social software development,governments and enterprises should pay attention to the aging transformation of digital products,urban-rural differences and digital equity.

关 键 词：网络社交 抑郁症状 LOGISTIC回归 倾向性评分匹配 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]