应用文献研究法分析调味电子烟对公共健康的影响  

A Literature-Based Research on Public Health Impacts of Flavored Electronic Cigarettes

作　　者：王文元月 倪长宇 蔡雨阳[1] 冯楠楠[1] 施莉莉[2] WANG Wen-yuanyue;NI Chang-yu;CAI Yu-yang;FENG Nan-nan;SHI Li-li(School of Public Health,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai,200025,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学公共卫生学院,上海200025 [2]上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院,上海手200092

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2024年第7期608-614,656,共8页Chinese Journal of Health Education

摘　　要：目的本研究针对目前公共卫生领域关于调味电子烟热点话题的原始研究进行了检索和整理,旨在探讨调味电子烟的公共健康影响。方法以“口味”和“电子烟”为关键词,对PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library英文数据库和知网、万方、维普中文数据库进行系统检索,文献检索时间截止到2022年8月18日。根据纳排标准进行筛选,并根据不同研究类型和主旨进行分类。结果最终纳入182篇文献,其中随机对照研究11篇(6.0%),队列研究25篇(13.7%),横断面研究114篇(62.6%),其他研究类型32篇(17.6%)。有79篇(43.4%)文献关于调味电子烟与未成年人,40篇(22.0%)文献关于调味电子烟与吸烟,31篇(17.0%)关于调味电子烟与戒烟,32篇(17.6%)文献关于调味电子烟与监管政策。文献研究发现未成年人偏好调味电子烟,但口味并非未成年人使用电子烟的主要原因,禁止调味电子烟后预计未成年人和从不吸烟者电子烟使用率会有所下降,但部分未成年和成年电子烟用户会继续使用可用的电子烟或转为使用香烟。调味电子烟是否能够帮助戒烟结论不一,有待进一步研究。部分电子烟用户可能会通过非法渠道获取被禁止的调味电子烟。结论降低青少年对于烟草产品的好奇心才是避免未成年人使用烟草产品的根本。同时,有关部门应加大监管力度,杜绝商贩向未成年人出售电子烟和黑市交易。Objective This review aims to explore the public health impacts of flavored e-cigarettes by systematically searching and analyzing original research studies on the hot topics of flavored e-cigarettes in the public health field.Methods PubMed,EMBASE,the Cochrane Library,China national knowledge infrastructure(CNKI),Wan fang database and VIP database were systematically searched with"flavor"and"electronic cigarette"as the key words from inception to August 18,2022.Literature searched were screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and categorized by different study types and themes.Results A total of 182 articles were included in this review,comprising 11 randomized controlled trials(6.0%),25 cohort studies(13.1%),114 cross-sectional studies(62.6%),and 32 other study types(17.6%).Of these,79 articles(43.4%)focused on flavored electronic cigarettes and underage individuals,40 articles(22.0%)examined flavored electronic cigarettes and smoking,31 articles(17.0%)explored flavored electronic cigarettes and smoking cessation,and 32 articles(17.6%)investigated flavored electronic cigarettes and regulatory policies.We found that underage individuals preferred flavored e-cigarettes,but taste wasn't the main reason for their use of e-cigarettes.The use of e-cigarettes by underage individuals and never smokers may decline after the ban on flavored e-cigarettes,but some underage individuals and adult e-cigarettes users would continue to use available e-cigarettes or switch to traditional cigarettes.The efficacy of flavored e-cigarettes in smoking cessation remained inconclusive,indicating a need for further research.Some ecigarette users might obtain prohibited flavoring e-cigarettes through illegal channels.Conclusion The fundamental approach to preventing underage tobacco use is to reduce adolescents'curiosity about tobacco products.At the same time,relevant departments should strengthen the supervision and control to prevent vendors from selling e-cigarettes to underage people and black market transactions.

关 键 词：调味电子烟 电子烟 危害 未成年人 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]