塞尔维亚Čukaru Peki铜金矿床的热液绿帘石类型和成分及其找矿意义  

Hydrothermal epidote types,composition and prospecting significance inČukaru Peki copper-gold deposit,Serbia

作　　者：陈安顺 单思齐 谢桂青 刘文元[1] 张安顺[5] 毛景文 饶东平 陈思源[6] 黄伟山 CHEN AnShun;SHAN SiQi;XIE GuiQing;LIU WenYuan;ZHANG AnShun;MAO JingWen;RAO DongPing;CHEN SiYuan;HUANG WeiShan(Zijin School of Geology and Mining,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350000,Fujian,China;Sino-Zijin Resources Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100012,China;Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China;School of Earth Sciences and Resources,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China;The Second Geological Exploration Institute of CMGB,Fuzhou 350108,Fujian,China;Zijin Mining Group Co.,Ltd.,Shanghang 364200,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学紫金地质与矿业学院,福建福州350000 [2]中色紫金地质勘查(北京)有限责任公司,北京100012 [3]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所,北京100037 [4]中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院,北京100083 [5]中国冶金地质总局第二地质勘查院,福建福州350108 [6]紫金矿业集团有限公司,福建上杭364200

出　　处：《矿床地质》2024年第4期918-934,共17页Mineral Deposits

基　　金：国家杰出青年基金项目(编号:41925011);紫金矿业集团股份有限公司横向课题(编号:01612012)联合资助。

摘　　要：Čukaru Peki铜金矿床位于特提斯成矿域西部塞尔维亚Timok矿集区,是近几年新发现的超大型斑岩-浅成低温热液型铜金矿床。该矿床主要产于晚白垩世角闪斜长安山岩中,具有明显的蚀变分带特征,是研究蚀变矿物勘查指标体系的理想对象。笔者结合钻孔编录信息,利用显微镜、电子探针和LA-ICP-MS分析技术,对该矿床中的绿帘石进行矿物化学成分分析。根据产状可将绿帘石划分为2类,分别为赋存于绢英岩化带中的绿帘石(Ⅰ型绿帘石)和赋存于青磐岩化带中的绿帘石(Ⅱ型绿帘石)。电子探针分析结果表明,2类绿帘石中的n(Al)与n(Fe)、n(Ca)与n(Mn)均呈现负相关关系,n(Al)、n(Fe)、w(Mn)存在明显的差异,Ⅰ型绿帘石贫Fe、Mn,富Al元素,具有相对较低的X_(Fe)值,Ⅱ型绿帘石与之相反,富Fe、Mn,贫Al元素,具有相对较高的X_(Fe)值。结合矿相学特征,文章提出Ⅰ型绿帘石由斜长石蚀变而成,Ⅱ型绿帘石由角闪石蚀变而成,暗示绿帘石的主量元素变化受蚀变前的矿物控制。LA-ICP-MS分析测试结果表明,青磐岩化带中由深部至浅部Ⅱ型绿帘石的w(Pb)、w(Sb)、w(Ba)显示升高的趋势,浅部绿帘石具有较低的w(Mo);Ⅱ型绿帘石中的w(Mn)、n(Al)和w(Mg)随着深度的增加呈现出先升高后降低的变化趋势,w(As)、n(Fe)和n(Ca)呈现出相反的空间变化趋势。由于绿帘石的微量元素找矿指标变化受温度等物理化学条件的影响,根据Čukaru Peki铜金矿床绿帘石中的w(Mg)、w(Pb)、w(Sb)、w(Ba)、w(Mo)、w(Mn)、w(As)的空间变化规律,笔者推测该斑岩型矿床热液中心在Mn元素晕之下1~2 km处。笔者研究发现Ⅱ型绿帘石中的主量元素n(Al)和X_(Fe)与w(Mn)微量元素呈现类似的变化趋势,n(Ca)和n(Fe)与w(Mn)呈现相反的变化趋势,故Ⅱ型绿帘石中的n(Al)、X_(Fe)、n(Ca)和n(Fe)元素可以作为找矿勘查的新指标。TheČukaru Peki Cu-Au deposit is a recently discovered giant porphyry-epithermal Cu-Au deposit in the western Tethys metallogenic domain,Serbia.It is primarily found in Late Cretaceous andesite containing hornblende and plagioclase and exhibits distinct alteration zoning characteristics,making it an ideal subject for studying the exploration index system of altered minerals.In this study,we analyzed the mineral chemical composition of epidote in the deposit using microscopic electron probe microanalysis(EPMA)and Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry(LA-ICP-MS)techniques while considering drilling catalog information.Based on the occurrence of epidote,we divided it into two types:typeⅠepidote found in the phyllic alteration zone and typeⅡepidote found in the propylitic alteration zone.The results derived from electron probe analyses indicate negative correlations in both varieties of epidote between the content of Al and Fe,and Ca and Mn,while the contents of Al,Fe,and Mn were obviously different.Type I epidote was poor in Fe and Mn,rich in Al elements,with a relatively low X_(Fe) value.TypeⅡepidote exhibits an enrichment in Fe and Mn and low in Al elements,indicating higher X_(Fe) ratios.Combined with the mineral phase characteristics,we propose that typeⅠepidote is altered by plagioclase,and typeⅡepidote is altered by hornblende.This suggests that the variations in the major elements of epidote are governed by the minerals present prior to alteration.The results of LA-ICP-MS analysis indicate an increasing trend in the contents of Pb,Sb,and Ba from deep to shallow in the propylitic alteration zone,while shallow epidote shows low Mo content.In typeⅡepidote,the contents of Mn,Al,and Mg increase initially with depth before decreasing,whereas the contents of As,Fe,and Ca exhibit the opposite trend.Due to the influence of temperature and other physicochemical conditions on the variation of trace element indicators in epidote,the spatial distribution patterns of Mg,Pb,Sb,Ba,Mo,Mn,and

关 键 词：绿帘石 主、微量元素 斑岩铜金矿床 找矿勘查 Čukaru Peki铜金矿床 

分 类 号：P618.41[天文地球—矿床学] P618.51[天文地球—地质学]