可调环模激光焊接飞溅抑制机理及工艺优化研究  

Spatter Suppression Mechanism and Process Optimization of Adjustable Ring-Mode Laser Welding

作　　者：董金枋 杨方毅 吴頔 李小婷[4] 曾达 黄宏星 吴浩 张鹏 姜良银 张培磊 Dong Jinfang;Yang Fangyi;Wu Di;Li Xiaoting;Zeng Da;Huang Hongxing;Wu Hao;Zhang Peng;Jiang Liangyin;Zhang Peilei(School of Materials and Science Engineering,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China;Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Laser Advanced Manufacturing Technology,Shanghai 201620,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 201620,China;Shenzhen Han s Lithium Battery Intelligent Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518000,Guangdong,China;Hubei EVE Power Co.,Ltd.,Jingmen 448000,Hubei,China;Shanghai Branch,IPG(Beijing)Fiber Laser Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学材料与科学工程学院,上海201620 [2]上海市激光先进制造技术协同创新中心,上海201620 [3]上海交通大学材料科学与工程学院,上海201620 [4]深圳市大族锂电智能装备有限公司,广东深圳518000 [5]湖北亿纬动力有限公司,湖北荆门448000 [6]阿帕奇(北京)光纤激光技术有限公司上海分公司,上海201620

出　　处：《中国激光》2024年第12期32-40,共9页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52075317);中国博士后科学基金(2022T150400);上海市Ⅲ类高峰学科-材料科学与工程(高能束智能加工与绿色制造)

摘　　要：选用铝合金顶盖满焊为研究对象,定量分析了芯环功率比对熔深、熔宽的影响规律。结合熔池匙孔动态行为,阐述了可调环模激光有效抑制金属飞溅的机理。同时采用光学相干断层扫描测量技术,实时测量了匙孔深度的波动,定量评价了焊接稳定性,并获得了最佳工艺窗口。结果表明,在150 mm/s的焊接速度下,当芯环功率比为1∶2~1∶3时,匙孔深度最稳定,且飞溅率最低。研究结果为进一步提高铝合金可调环模激光焊接质量提供了理论指导和实验依据。Objective With the development of the new energy vehicle industry,laser welding has become increasingly popular in the manufacturing of power batteries because of its high welding speed,small heat-affected zones,and high degree of automation.However,as the laser involves high-energy beam,its interaction with materials is often intense.This can easily lead to defects,such as spatters and explosion points,thus compromising the quality of battery welding.In the field of power batteries,the adjustable ringmode(ARM)laser has emerged as a high-speed low-spatter laser welding tool,gaining attention from both academia and industry.However,the spatter suppression mechanism of the ARM laser during high-speed welding remains unclear.This limitation hinders theoretical guidance and process optimization for industrial applications.Thus,in this study,the complete welding of an aluminum alloy roof is considered and how the core ring power ratio affects the penetration and width is analyzed.Moreover,how the ARM laser effectively curbs the metal spatter is elucidated by examining the dynamic behavior of the keyhole in the molten pool.Optical coherence tomography(OCT)measurement technology is used to monitor keyhole depth fluctuations in real time,providing a quantitative assessment of welding stability and identifying the optimal process window.Methods A synchronous-sensing monitoring platform(Fig.1)is established by integrating high-speed visual shooting with penetration detection.For the visual sensing component,a high-speed camera is utilized to capture sharp keyhole images of the molten pool.For penetration detection,the platform is merged with an OCT-based monitoring module to acquire real-time keyhole depth information during the welding process.Initially,the process window of the ARM laser welding is determined by conducting an orthogonal experiment,as shown in Fig.3.The keyhole images under different parameters are obtained,and the changes in the keyhole depth are recorded.Comparisons of the keyhole opening and depth reve

关 键 词：激光技术 激光焊接 铝合金 可调环模激光 熔深检测 飞溅机理 光学相干断层扫描 

分 类 号：TG457.14[金属学及工艺—焊接]