碳纤维复合材料飞机蒙皮表面漆层激光清洗工艺研究  

Research on Laser Cleaning Process of Paint Layer on Carbon Fiber Composite Aircraft Skin

作　　者：顾军义 李文琴 苏轩[2] 徐杰 郭斌[1,2,3] Gu Junyi;Li Wenqin;Su Xuan;Xu Jie;Guo Bin(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Shenzhen 518055,Guangdong,China;Zhengzhou Research Institute,Harbin Institute of Technology,Zhengzhou 450046,Henan,China;Key Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structures Manufacturing of Ministry of Education,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150080,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)材料科学与工程学院,广东深圳518055 [2]哈尔滨工业大学郑州研究院,河南郑州450046 [3]哈尔滨工业大学微系统与微结构制造教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《中国激光》2024年第12期72-85,共14页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U19A2077);广东省重点领域研发计划(2018B090905003)。

摘　　要：激光清洗碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料(CFRP)表面涂层一直面临着形貌破坏与基体过热的风险。为了明晰工艺参数对激光清洗CFRP飞机蒙皮表面油漆的影响规律,探究CFRP表面油漆的激光清洗机理,进行了红外纳秒激光清洗CFRP表面油漆的实验。首先利用田口正交阵列开展了不同参数下的清洗实验。随后采用信噪比(S/N)与方差分析(ANOVA)探讨了激光功率、扫描速度、搭接率与重复频率等工艺参数对油漆清洗深度、表面粗糙度和清洗温度的影响。最后借助红外热成像与高速摄像技术,对激光清洗过程中的温度响应、羽流形成与消逝及漆层动态行为进行了观测。研究结果表明:搭接率是影响清洗深度、表面粗糙度和清洗温度的最主要参数,扫描速度与激光功率的影响同样显著,而重复频率的影响不显著。CFRP表面油漆的激光去除机制主要以激光热效应造成的热烧蚀、气化为主。Objective Resin-based composite material(CFRP)surface coatings have always faced the risk of morphological damage and substrate overheating during laser cleaning.The key for solving these problems lies in the need for sufficient process experiments to establish a reliable relationship between the cleaning parameters and characteristics.Cleaning depth(H),surface roughness(S_(a)),and cleaning temperature(T)are the three most important cleaning indicators.H represents cleaning efficiency and effectiveness,S_(a) is related to the quality of re-coating,and T reflects the trend of thermal damage.Therefore,this study uses an infrared nanosecond laser to remove paint from a CFRP surface and uses laser power(P),scanning speed(V),overlap rate(η),and repetition frequency(f)as variables to study and statistically analyze the H,S_(a),and T of the samples.Infrared thermography and high-speed imaging techniques are used to observe the temperature response of the samples,the state of the plume,and the dynamic behavior of the paint layer to determine the cleaning mechanism of the paint layer.This study is expected to provide a basic reference for improving the efficiency of laser paint removal and the quality of respraying and reducing thermal damage to CFRP substrates.Methods Four controllable parameters are used:laser power,scanning speed,repetition frequency,and overlap rate.Five levels are designed under each group of parameters to form an L25 orthogonal matrix.Then,a laser cleaning experiment is conducted to obtain 25 sets of samples ranging from No.1 to No.25.After the cleaning procedure is completed,the macroscopic and microscopic morphologies of the cleaned samples are observed.At the same time,the paint cleaning depth and sample surface roughness are measured via a laser confocal microscope.Finally,the obtained experimental data are analyzed using the analysis of the variance(ANOVA)and signal to noise ratio(S/N)methods.In addition,an infrared thermographic camera is used to record the temperature response of the experim

关 键 词：激光技术 激光清洗 碳纤维增强复合材料 除漆机理 清洗工艺 

分 类 号：TN249[电子电信—物理电子学]