透过散射介质光学成像技术的研究进展  

Advances in Optical Imaging in Scattering Media

作　　者：卞耀明 司徒国海[1,2,3] Bian Yaoming;Situ Guohai(Laboratory of Information Optics and Optoelectronic Technology,Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800,China;Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering,Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hangzhou 310024,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所信息光学与光电技术实验室,上海201800 [2]中国科学院大学材料科学与光电技术学院,北京100049 [3]国科大杭州高等研究院物理与光电工程学院,浙江杭州310024

出　　处：《中国激光》2024年第11期248-275,共28页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62325508,62061136005,61991452);上海市优秀学术带头人项目(22XD1403900)。

摘　　要：视觉是人类获取信息的重要手段,因此获取视觉信息的成像技术是医学检测、深海探测、国民安防中的主要技术之一。但是当成像链路中存在散射介质的时候,很多场景下的成像深度受限且质量受损,例如生物组织、浑浊水体、大气雨雾等。散射成像作为解决这类问题的关键方法,针对不同的散射成像场景,按照是否采用主动光照明可以分为主动和被动两种不同的成像模式。在不同模式下,根据散射光的形成原理和物理建模,综述了提取弹道光和利用散射光的散射成像技术,并介绍了深度学习在两种模式下的相关应用实例。最后,从前端光学调制和后端算法处理两个方向的发展趋势,展望了散射成像技术的突破路线。Significance Information is the basic element of human cognition of the world.Notably,83%of human access to information relies on vision;hence,imaging technology based on image information acquisition is important for national defense and improving people’s lives.Traditional imaging processes entail a geometric-optical transformation relationship from the target scene to the imaging sensor,facilitating accurate recording of object information.As the imaging technology has evolved,diverse imaging equipment has overcome the limitations of human vision,enabling us to perceive finer,more distant,and broader phenomena.For instance,microscopes allow us to observe the mysterious microworld and astronomical telescopes grant us a glimpse into the expansive cosmos spanning billions of light-years.Moreover,infrared thermal imaging cameras overcome the darkness by enhancing our vision in low-light conditions.However,regardless of the advancement of imaging equipment,when a scattering medium exists between the target scene and imaging apparatus,issues arise due to scattering and absorption.On the one hand,normal imaging light gets blocked,leading to signal energy loss.On the other hand,some of the signal light from the target scene gets disturbed,causing deviation in the original geometric imaging model of point-to-point imaging.In addition,scattered ambient light(referred to as airlight)enters the imaging detector.This light is not encoded by the target scene,does not carry any target information,and is additive noise.Research on scattering imaging has been conducted since the 1950s,with China joining the international efforts around 2000.Since then,advancements in hardware and algorithm development have led to the application of numerous new technologies.However,improving detection depth,expanding the field of view,increasing the imaging speed,and improving the recovery quality remain crucial scientific challenges.Scattering imaging is a crucial technique for image acquisition in complex scenes.Over the past decades,many

关 键 词：散射成像 主动模式 被动模式 提取弹道光 利用散射光 大气散射模型 

分 类 号：O436[机械工程—光学工程]