机载激光测深技术及应用  

Development of Airborne LiDAR Bathymetric Technology and Application

作　　者：贺岩[1,2,3] 陶邦一 俞家勇 徐广袖 黄宜帆 He Yan;Tao Bangyi;Yu Jiayong;Xu Guangxiu;Huang Yifan(Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800,China;Laboratory of Space Laser Information Transmission and Detection Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800,China;Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;The Second Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources,Hangzhou 310012,Zhejiang,China;Anhui Jianzhu University,Hefei 230601,Anhui,China;Naval Research Institute,Tianjin 300061,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所,上海201800 [2]中国科学院空间激光信息传输与探测技术实验室,上海201800 [3]中国科学院大学材料与光电研究中心,北京100049 [4]自然资源部第二海洋研究所,浙江杭州310012 [5]安徽建筑大学,安徽合肥230601 [6]海军研究院,天津300061

出　　处：《中国激光》2024年第11期276-306,共31页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61991450,61991453);联合基金(U2106210)。

摘　　要：经过近60年的发展,机载激光测深技术已经得到业务化应用,成为近岸浅水区域海陆一体化测绘的首选手段。回顾机载激光测深系统发展、数据处理方法、新技术使用和技术应用方面的进展,并对机载激光测深技术的未来发展趋势进行探讨。Significance With approximately 71%of the earth’s surface covered by seawater,the marine environment is closely linked to global climate change,the evolution of ecosystems,and the global carbon cycle,among other activities.In recent years,in particular,the increasingly close connection between oceans and human activities,along with the significant impact of human activities on the global marine environment,has sparked considerable interest in understanding the oceans.This interest has led to the development of a wide range of methods and equipment for exploring the oceans.Mainstream programs for ocean exploration research primarily include acoustic and optical programs.Acoustic solutions,such as multibeam sounders,single-beam sounders,and side-scan sonars,are commonly used in ocean exploration.However,because of the substantial difference in viscosity coefficients between water and air,the acoustic impedance values near the air-sea interface vary significantly.Moreover,when an acoustic signal propagates between air and water,it undergoes significant reflection,thereby affecting its propagation in both directions.This limits the application of acoustic oceanographic equipment to submerging below the surface of water and using shipboard platforms.Coastal zones and shallow water areas of sea islands and reefs are the areas where the interaction between sea and land is frequent,and also the areas where human beings participate most in marine activities.Because of the shallow water depth and complex underwater topography in these areas,traditional shipborne multibeam and single-beam sonar surveys are characterized by operational hazards,low efficiency,and high collection costs,resulting in numerous gaps in large-scale mapping data in the shallow waters of China’s coastal zones and sea islands and reefs.Compared to passive remote sensing,airborne LiDAR bathymetric technology,as an optical means of active detection,can function continuously and acquire ocean profile information.This technology uses the good seawater

关 键 词：机载激光测深 光子计数 多波长激光 海陆波形分类 回波提取 斜距校正 

分 类 号：P412.25[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]