激光晶体研究进展  

Research Progress in Laser Crystals

作　　者：赵呈春[1] 李善明[1] 徐民[1] 房倩楠 张书隆 黄从晖 龚巧瑞 陈光珠[1] 杭寅[1] Zhao Chengchun;Li Shanming;Xu Min;Fang Qiannan;Zhang Shulong;Huang Conghui;Gong Qiaorui;Chen Guangzhu;Hang Yin(Research Center of Laser Crystal,Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所激光晶体研究中心,上海201800

出　　处：《中国激光》2024年第11期379-404,共26页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3605704,2016YFB1102302,2016YFB0701002,2016YFB0402105);国家自然科学基金(62275252,62205354,62305355,51872307,61575198,51502321,51972149);中国科学院先导专项(XDB16030600);上海市科技计划(18511109800);上海市自然科学基金(23ZR1472000,23ZR1471800,13ZR1463400)。

摘　　要：以激光晶体为增益介质的固体激光器具有脉冲能量大、峰值功率高等特点,在前沿科学、精密制造、医疗、国防军事等领域均有重大战略应用,比如超强超短激光、高能重频激光、中红外光电对抗、蓝绿激光通信等。激光晶体由激活离子和基质晶体构成,在激光的发明、发展过程以及应用中发挥了不可或缺的作用。作为固体增益介质,激光晶体具有热导率高、各向异性等特点。综述了近年来国内外在可见、近红外、中红外激光波段的激光晶体的主要研究进展,重点介绍了中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所在激光晶体和金刚石/激光晶体复合材料方面的研究成果。Significance Laser technology is an important tool for basic physics research,cutting-edge scientific and technological breakthroughs in multiple fields.The gain media of solid-state lasers include crystals,glass,and ceramics.Activated ions include transition metal ions and rare earth ions,etc.The matrix material must have good optical,mechanical,and thermal properties.The main characteristics of crystals are high thermal conductivity and anisotropy.The advantages of glass include convenient preparation and easy access to large-sized components,which can also be made into fibers.Ceramics have the characteristics of high thermal conductivity and easy realization of large dimensions,but are limited to cubic materials.Laser diode(LD)pumped solid-state lasers based on solid-state gain media have advantages such as compact structure,high efficiency,and long service life.Laser crystals have milestone significance for the development of laser technology.The first laser based on ruby laser crystals was introduced in 1960s.In 1970s,neodymium doped yttrium aluminum garnet(Nd∶YAG)crystals promoted the vigorous development of solid-state lasers.In 1980s,Ti∶sapphire(Ti∶Al_(2)O_(3))led to the rapid development of femtosecond laser technology.In 1990s,neodymium doped yttrium vanadate(Nd∶YVO_(4))crystals further advanced the development of solid-state laser technology.In the 21st century,applications such as national defense,cutting-edge science,and optoelectronics have put forward new requirements for solid-state lasers.Nd∶YAG,Nd∶YVO_(4),and Ti∶sapphire are three main laser crystals.They can meet the needs of most solid-state lasers.However,they still have shortcomings in some special application areas.So it is necessary to explore new laser crystals.Progress This paper introduces the main research progress of laser crystals in different wavelength bands at home and abroad,and focuses on the main research achievements of laser crystals in Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics(SIOM),Chinese Academy of Sci

关 键 词：材料 激光晶体 晶体生长 光学性能 稀土离子 过渡族离子 

分 类 号：O436[机械工程—光学工程]