达曼光栅50年:历史演进与新机遇  

Dammann Gratings Fifty Years On:Their Historical Evolution and New Opportunities

作　　者：余俊杰[1,2] 郑奉禄 张瑾 吴志伟 周常河 Yu Junjie;Zheng Fenglu;Zhang Jin;Wu Zhiwei;Zhou Changhe(Aerospace Laser Technology and Systems Department,Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;ShanghaiTech University,Shanghai 310027,China;College of Information Science and Technology,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;College of Physics&Optoelectronic Engineering,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所空天激光技术与系统部,上海201800 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]上海科技大学,上海310027 [4]东华大学信息与科学技术学院,上海201620 [5]暨南大学物理与光电工程学院,广东广州510632

出　　处：《中国激光》2024年第11期500-525,共26页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：上海市自然科学基金(20ZR1464700);上海市超精密光学加工与检测专业技术服务平台项目。

摘　　要：本文简要介绍了达曼光栅的相关原理及理论,并从历史演化发展脉络出发,梳理了达曼光栅在50余年发展历程中的标志性进展与代表性成果,同时简略介绍了达曼光栅在相关领域的应用。达曼光栅是衍射光学、计算机全息图与二元光学等学科交叉的产物,如今已发展成为现代光学中的重要基础元器件之一。随着光计算的再次兴起,达曼光栅与液晶、超表面及平面集成光路等技术的融合使其在未来的发展中面临新的机遇与挑战。Significance Dammann gratings(DGs)are a type of diffractive optical elements used in beam splitting and are capable of generating tens to thousands of sub-beams in parallel with only a single integrated element.The efficiencies of DGs are typically in the range of approximately 70%‒80%for binary gratings,and this efficiency can be further improved.Due to these unique properties,DGs are applicable in a variety of fields ranging from optical interconnections to integrated grating magneto-optical traps.Currently,the computing power required to process large amounts of data doubles approximately every 3.5 months,far exceeding the computing power supplied by electronic integrated circuits(EICs)that follow Moore’s law.Compared with traditional electrons,photons are expected to accelerate computing,particularly customized computing,with high computing power,high energy efficiency,and low latency.DGs provide a powerful method for matching the demands of large-scale fan-in and fan-out in optical computing.Thus,this critical element plays a major role in this revived topic,particularly when fused with new technologies such as liquid crystal-based planar optics,metasurfaces,and planar integrated photonic circuits.With the continual development of the theory,design,and manufacturing technologies of DGs,their application scope has widened considerably in modern optics.Progress This review analyzes and discusses the principles,developments,and applications of various types of DGs and Dammann encoding gratings in terms of their historical evolution.First,the principles and theories of various DGs,including classical DGs,circular DGs(CDGs),and Dammann encoding gratings,are introduced.For a classical DG,splitting a single incident beam into multiple sub-beams using a single grating is easy,where the efficiency is typically greater than 70%for a binary pure-phase structure.The splitting ratio can be changed by reoptimizing the transitional points for these binary gratings,and the efficiency can be further improved by choosing

关 键 词：达曼光栅 达曼涡旋光栅 达曼波带片 光计算 超表面 

分 类 号：O438[机械工程—光学工程]